2015英语专业八级考试冲刺训练：专八听力MP3+原文（1）

2015英语专业八级考试冲刺训练：专八听力MP3+原文（1）

　　英语专业八级考试听力是比较难的一项，相较专四听力语速及词汇量都有所提高，新东方在线特整理了2015英语专业八级考试冲刺训练：专八听力MP3+原文系列文章供即将迎来专八考试的考生们练习。

　　INTERVIEW 1

　　In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY.Listen carefully and then answer the questions thatfollow.

　　Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At theend of the interview, you will be given 10 secondsto answer each of the following 5 questions. Nowlisten to the interview.

　　M: For years, people are trying to keep up with theJoneses, but instead of competing with your neighbors, how about actually trying to get alongwith them? Joining us for some simple tips on how to deal with those likable and not so likableneighbors is Betty Wang. She is executive editor of Family Circle Magazine. Good morning,Betty.

　　W: Good morning. John.

　　M: Well, in an ideal world, I guess we would all get along well with our neighbors, wouldn't we?

　　W: Right, right, you hope so.

　　M: But why is it important to have good relationships with them?

　　W: Well, you know your home is your sanctuary, and how you get along with your neighborsreally plays a large part in your health, well-being and happiness. Because your neighbors reallykind of make your home, so it is important to at least establish a good, cordial or at least politerelationship with your neighbors.

　　M: How do we establish that? When you move into a new neighborhood, should you reach outto the neighbors? Or should they be reaching out to you?

　　W: I think it can work either way, I mean, if they don't reach out to you, don't assume thatthey are being rude or unfriendly. They just might hold back because they think you're toobusy, unpacking and settling in. If they don't make the first step, after a few days, go aheadand introduce yourself. Because I think once you are on a first name basis with your neighbors,it's much easier to combat problems later on, or maybe call them for a favor down the roadwhen you are on vacation and you need them to water your plants. It's much easier when youknow them personally.

　　M: Yea, neighbors can be really helpful but, of course they can also be annoying, for example,loud music?

　　W: Loud music is one of those top complaints, and I think, for most reasonable people, theyprobably aren't even aware they are causing problems for their neighbors and I think if youbring it up to your neighbors' attention, they will be more than happy to fix it. But, you cantake that “it is not you, it is me” approach; you can say something like, I'm kind of a really lightsleeper, or I suffer from migraines, can you help me out by turning down the music duringthose evening hours, or early morning, or come up with a compromise that work for both ofyou...

　　M: Don't just call the police. That's what a lot of people do. So, that's a common complaint,loud music, but also sometimes we can have smells, or other things that disturb our senses.

　　W: Yea, that's a tough one, that's really a sensitive situation, because if you want to live in thecomfort of your own home and not have to deal with unpleasant smells, then your neighbor isjust as entitled to cook whatever she likes in the comfort of her own home. So, I wouldapproach her, by saying, I am not sure if you realize what's happening, but, you know, I cansmell something coming from your kitchen, would you mind opening your window or maybeusing your exhaust fan. You try to approach them politely, reasonably, and if that doesn'twork, you can also just talk to the management, and maybe there is something wrong with thebuilding's ventilation system. If something is coming into your apartment, that might be a quickfix without having that uncomfortable conversation.

　　M: What is the thing you said, in this month's Family Circle, is it there is power in numbers?Right? So, when you are approaching your neighbor, what should you do?

　　W: Yeah, I mean sometimes it does help to gather up some troops and, just to get somesupport from your fellow neighbors, but you have to be sensitive that you are not ganging upon your next door neighbor. Right, you don't want to be in an intervention or something likethat.

　　M: What about nosy neighbors? I mean somebody, you know you feel they are always comingaround, checking out your every move.

　　W: Well, I think a lot of the time people must mistake some behavior for being nosey or pokeywhen the neighbor is trying to be friendly or maybe the person is lonely. So, you just have tosee what the motive is, and oftentimes, if you are a little distant, or you just don't answer theirquestions, they often take the hint and back off.

　　M: And the neighbors that come to visit and won't go away?

　　W: Well, I think, there might be some, but the neighbor can just be really lonely and want afriend, you know, oftentimes, I think the rule is a 5-to-10 minute visit is fine. Because, that wayyou are not breaking up a person's schedule or their personal plans but you don't have to bebest friends with your neighbors at all and you can just be civil, polite, and say hello in themorning as you come and go, and that makes everybody's relationship so much better.

　　M: That's so important, Betty Wang, thanks so much for the tips, we appreciate that forFamily Circle Magazine.

　　INTERVIEW 2

　　In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer thequestions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of theinterview, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following 5 questions. Now listento the interview.

　　Interviewer(W): I am talking to Richard Johnson, an official of WHO, the World HealthOrganization. Today he will talk with us about the change of people's understanding of health.Hello, Richard.

　　Richard Johnson(M): Hello.

　　W: Now Richard, the concept of health has been changing all the time. And different peopleand groups hold different opinions towards it. Would you mind telling us the original conceptof health?

　　M: Of course not. Health has long been viewed in the physical sense only. That is, good healthhas been connected to the smooth mechanical operation of body, while ill health has beenattributed to a breakdown in this machine. In this sense, health has been defined as theabsence of disease or illness and is seen in medical terms. Therefore, creating health for peoplemeans providing medical care to treat or prevent disease and illness.

　　W: Then what was the emphasis of the work of the WHO during that period?

　　M: Well, the emphasis was of course on providing clean water, improved sanitation andhousing.

　　W: I see. When did the concept begin to change?

　　M: In the late 1940s, the WHO challenged this physically and medically oriented view of health.They stated that health was a complete state of physical, mental and social well-being and notmerely the absence of disease. The mind, body and spirit of a person were seen holistically.

　　W: How long did this concept last?

　　M: It lasted until the 1970s. At that time, people focused their attention on the prevention ofdisease and illness by emphasizing the importance of the lifestyle and behavior of the individual.Specific behaviors which were seen to increase risk of disease, such as smoking, lack of fitnessand unhealthy eating habits, were targeted. Creating health meant providing not only medicalhealth care, but health promotion programs and policies which would help people maintainhealthy behavior and lifestyles.

　　W: It sounds reasonable. It must have been beneficial to people.

　　M: Unfortunately, not.

　　W: But why?

　　M: You see,this individualistic healthy lifestyles approach did help the wealthy members of thesociety. But the majority were people experiencing poverty, unemployment or little controlover the conditions of their daily lives. How could people afford the program if they lived underunfavorable social and environmental factors?

　　W: I'm beginning to see your point. A single lifestyle decides nothing if not integrated with agood environment.

　　M: That's right. So during the 1980s and 1990s, there has been a growing swing away fromseeing lifestyle risks as the root cause of poor health. While lifestyle factors still remainimportant, health is being viewed also in terms of the social, economic and environmentalcontexts in which people live.

　　W: This is a new concept of health. And I heard it's called the socio-ecological view, isn't it?

　　M: Yes. In 1986, representatives from 38 countries gathered in Ottawa, Canada, to hold thefirst international Conference of Health Promotion. It was at that conference that the broadsocio-ecological view of health was endorsed.

　　W: What were the details of the endorsement?

　　M: Well, the representatives declared that the fundamental conditions and resources forhealth are peace, shelter, education, food, a viable income, a stable eco-system, sustainableresources, social justice and equity. Moreover, improvement in health requires a securefoundation in these basic requirements. From this statement, we can find that the creation ofhealth is about much more than encouraging healthy individual behaviors and lifestyles andproviding appropriate medical care. It must include addressing such issues as poverty,pollution, urbanization, natural resource depletion, social alienation and poor workingconditions.

　　W: Oh, I see. But how are they affecting health?

　　M: They do not operate separately. Rather, they are interacting and interdependent. Thecomplex interrelationships between them determine the conditions that promote health. Abroad socio-ecological view of health suggests that the promotion of health must include astrong social, economic and environmental focus.

　　W: That's right.

　　M: As we all know, good health is a major source for social, economic and personaldevelopment and an important dimension of quality of life. Political, economic, social, cultural,environmental, behavioral and biological factors can all favor health or be harmful to it. TheOttawa Conference not only redefines the notion of health. More importantly, it brings practicalmeaning and action to this broad notion of health promotion. It presents fundamentalstrategies and approaches in achieving health for all.

　　W: Then what is the basic philosophy of this health promotion?

　　M: Very easy to understand. Just to enable people to increase control over and to improvetheir health.

　　W: The new concept of health you have told us today is very useful to our understanding ofhealth. Thank you very much.

　　M: You are welcome.

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　　INTERVIEW 3

　　In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY.Listen carefully and then answer the questions thatfollow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview.At the end of the interview, you will be given 10seconds to answer each of the following 5 questionsNow listen to the interview.

　　Interviewer(W): What are the advantages of E-education, Professor Gu?

　　Professor Gu (M): There are at least fouradvantages. First, with access to the Internet,students can overcome barriers of space and time. For example, we can make educationalresources in Beijing available to students in Xinjiang. Second is the easy access. For example,we can put multimedia resources libraries on the Internet and students can have access tothese libraries just by clicking the mouse. The third advantage is the optimization of resources.For example, we can tape the lectures given by very prominent professors and broadcast themlive in China and even in the entire world through the Internet. Because of these threeadvantages, there is another big advantage, that is, the Internet technology makes masseducation possible. As you know, it is simply impossible for the whole population to receiveeducation on campuses. It is impossible economically or otherwise. And this is where thegreatest advantage of E-education lies. It offers mass education and education for lifetime.

　　W: Can you briefly tell us the history of China's E-education, Professor Gu?

　　M: E-education in China started eight years ago when the Internet technology began toprevail. People realized that the Internet technology was more powerful than TV, because itreally created the opportunities for students to interact with teachers and among themselves.In 1996 or later than that, the Ministry of Education initiated a piloting project using theInternet technology to promote education.

　　W: My understanding is that an online education project may involve a large amount of moneyand yet most investors would expect a quick return for their investment, so how did you solvethat problem?

　　M: This is the lesson that lots of investors have to learn from this initial investment into onlineeducation program. Initially, they thought it might be possible to have a quick return of cashafter the investment for one or two years. It is a misconception of online education.Sometimes, I used a metaphor of building a supermarket. If you want to build a supermarket,first of all, you have to have these infrastructures. On top of the building, you have to developvarious goods that people like. It's the same with education. You must realize you have todevelop courseware that people really love. And it takes quite a long time to develop really goodcourseware.

　　W: Then, how do you look at the so-called digital gap between the rich and the poor, betweenthe urban areas and the rural areas in China?

　　M: Actually, the Internet technology can bridge the gap between the poor and the rich. Takethe development of the northwest China for example. I used to think it would be very difficultfor the Internet to be widely accessible in those areas. But actually the government investedmoney and made the broadband Internet access possible in Guizhou and Gansu because thegovernment realized it is impossible to have so many teachers in those areas.

　　W: Perhaps the local officials in those areas are just attracted by the idea of E-education, butnothing has been seriously translated into action.

　　M: You are right. The problem of local authority is that they have the technologies, but theydon't make good use of these technologies. So I think the biggest problem of online educationin China is not the electric mind. It is the human mind.

　　W: The biggest problem that E-education is confronted with is probably the development ofgood courseware. What are the difficulties involved?

　　M: To me, the most difficult part of courseware development is that it is hard to developcourseware simply by putting in the concepts of learning process. We have to humanizetechnology. This is the greatest challenge in courseware development.

　　W: I have a question about conducting examinations online. How do you make sure the resultsof the examinations are reliable online?

　　M: This is a big question and the big headache for us at the moment. We have developed theonline testing program. However, we can't implement it because we have no way to checkwhether the examinee is the real examinee. So at this moment, we cannot do any serious onlinetesting except for what we call “safe monitoring testing”. The students can test themselves fortheir own purpose and check their own progress. Any serious examinations have to be done inthe traditional classroom.

　　W: Given the problem of taking examinations online, how can you persuade your students toaccept the online exam as a viable option?

　　M: We have adopted the third party policy. By the third party it means we authorize theExamination Center under the Ministry of Education to conduct examinations for us.

　　W: Professor Gu, two years from now I'd like to interview one of your degree-holders fromBeiwai Online so that he or she may testify to the effects of online education.

　　M: That would be a great idea and you are very welcome to do that.

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　　CONVERSATION 1

　　In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY.Listen carefully and then answer the questions thatfollow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on aconversation. At the end of the conversation, youwill be given 10 seconds to answer each of thefollowing 5 questions. Now listen to theconversation.

　　Headmaster(M): Good morning, Mrs. Harris.Do sitdown. I understand you'd like to have a word withme about William.

　　Mrs. Harris (W): Yes, that's right, Headmaster. I felt I should see you as soon as possiblebefore William does anything he'll regret.

　　M: Regret, Mrs. Harris?

　　W: Well, you see, he's set his heart on becoming an artist, and my husband and I think heought to take up something more secure. I mean even if he went to Art School, there'd be noguarantee he could get a good job afterwards and we worry so much about what he could liveon.

　　M: That's not such a big problem. He could probably teach, Mrs. Harris.

　　W: He wouldn't like that, Headmaster. He says he wouldn't be a teacher if it were the last jobon earth— Oh,I beg your pardon, Headmaster, I didn't mean…

　　M: Not at all, Mrs. Harris. I wouldn't have been a teacher myself if I'd had my way. I'd have beenan actor if my parents had let me, so I have some sympathy with William's problems. Now, let'ssee—if he wants to be an artist, he'll have to decide what sort of artist he wants to be.

　　W: Oh, pardon. I don't quite follow you, Headmaster.

　　M: Well, what I mean is, if he wanted to be a commercial artist, graphics, cartoons, that sortof thing, he might do very well if he took an art course at a Technical College, and besides,theentry qualifications wouldn't be so stiff. On the other hand, if he wants to go to one of themajor Art Schools, you'd better not raise his hopes too high. There's a good deal ofcompetition to get accepted, and he'd have to have at least three “O” levels and two “A's” atgood grades before he'd even be considered. Oh, and there's another thing, he'd have to do ayear's foundation course first, probably at another college. He'd get a grant, of course,provided he'd got the right “O's” and “A's”.

　　W: But art, Headmaster. It's so chancy. I wish he weren't so set on it.

　　M: I don't think you should stand in his way, Mrs. Harris. If I were you, I'd let him decide forhimself. You'd better accept the fact that nowadays young people don't worry about securitythe way we did when we were young.

　　W: Well, I must admit my husband and I would have felt much happier if he'd chosen to dosomething else. Perhaps it's still not too late for him to change his mind. You know,I could gethim a good job with my own firm if he had a science degree instead of the Arts.

　　M: From what I know of him, Mrs. Harris, I don't think he's the sort of boy to change his mind,not in a hurry at any rate. In any case, I think you ought to let him decide.

　　W: But an artist, Headmaster! What's he going to live on?

　　M: Making a career as an artist isn't easy, of course. It would be a good idea if you had a talkwith our art master, Mr. Sims; he can tell you more about the possibilities than I can. I know hethinks very highly of William's work, though you'd better not tell William I said so.

　　W: I suppose I shouldn't worry so much, Headmaster, but I can't say I like the idea. Paintingpictures and that — it doesn't seem like real work to my husband or me.

　　M: On second thought, I think the best thing would be for me to have a word with Mr. Simsfirst and find out what he thinks of William's chances of being accepted at Art School. It's a veryliberal training, you know — not just painting pictures.

　　W: No, of course not. Thank you very much for your advice, Headmaster. I'd be grateful ifyou'd let me know what Mr. Sims says.

　　M: I'll do that, Mrs. Harris. And in the meantime don't worry about William. He'll be all right solong as he does as well as he's doing at present.

　　CONVERSATION 2

　　In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer thequestions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on a conversation. At the end of theconversation, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following 5 questions. Nowlisten to the conversation.

　　John(M): Hi, Cindy.

　　Cindy(W): Hello, John.

　　M: Did you enjoy Bob's party the other night?

　　W: Yes, I did. It was really nice to see everyone again after all these years. I could hardlyrecognize Nancy. She used to be such a tomboy. Now she is so beautiful and elegant.

　　M: As the old saying goes: A girl changes fast and becomes beautiful. You know, she hasmarried a general manager with a large company.

　　W: Really? But she deserves it.

　　M: James must feel sorry to hear it. He and she used to be good friends in our class.

　　W: I know what you mean.

　　M: Anyway, what about that holiday we were talking about? Do you still want to go ahead withit?

　　W: You bet I do! I've been very busy at work and I really need a break. You know, just lie in thesun and relax.

　　M: Are you kidding? I was thinking about something more active, like sightseeing or swimming.Maybe even surfing if you are up to it.

　　W: I think I could be persuaded. Yes, why not? Surfing sounds like fun to me. Then whatdestination do you have in mind?

　　M: Well, I called the travel agent this morning and picked up some brochures. Here, take a look.I have got one on the South of France which looks nice. Or there's Italy if you fancy someculture. Or of course, there's Greece.

　　W: Greece sounds good. I haven't been there before. Look at that picture. Blue sky, whitesands and a beautiful clear blue sea.

　　M: I know. But have you seen the price? 450 pounds for one week. And that doesn't includethe hotel!

　　W: Yeah, it is a bit expensive, isn't it? What about the South of France?

　　M: That's a lot cheaper. In fact there is a special deal on at the moment. 10 days, including thehotel, for only 250 pounds.

　　W: Let's have a look at Italy.

　　M: I already have. It's far too expensive.

　　W: France it is then, I think. But can we choose the hotel? I don't want to get there and findthey've put us up in a really cheap place miles away from the beach.

　　M: No problem. There are three hotels to choose from. This one looks the best.

　　W: Which one? Paradise Rock or the Sea View?

　　M: The Paradise Rock. It's only a 10-minute walk from the beach. Half that if you take a bus.And breakfast is included in the price. We do have to pay a surcharge, though.

　　W: How much?

　　M: 10 pounds. But I guess it's worth it. The location is great and they even have an outdoorswimming pool.

　　W: What about a gym?

　　M: Oh yes, they have a gym that the guests can use.

　　W: That's OK. The hotel sounds great. And the price is certainly too good to miss. So whenshall we go?

　　M: The offer doesn't apply to June, or July for that matter. So I guess it'll have to be May orAugust.

　　W: August is too far away. I feel tired and desperately need a holiday, so May gets my vote.

　　M: May is fine for me too. Now we need to plan our schedule. I guess we can plan a day whenwe just indulge ourselves in water sports.

　　W: I don't mind really. Nothing too strenuous though. How about a spot of fishing while we arethere?

　　M: Why not? Maybe we'll be able to catch our lunch?

　　W: Don't bet on it. You know what my fishing skills are like! Just a minute. Isn't there a filmfestival on in May?

　　M: Yes, there is. It's a full three day event I believe.

　　W: You are not suggesting we spend a full three days there, are you?

　　M: Not at all. Maybe half a day will be enough.

　　W: Let's make it a day.

　　M: OK. Then put down a few days on the beach. I can't come back without a suntan.

　　W: What do you think, three days or four?

　　M: Make it four, plus a day's shopping.

　　W: A day's shopping. OK.

　　M: And the other days?

　　W: Well, tell you what, why don't we go to the library and get a guide book? That'll give usmore ideas.

　　M: OK, let's go.

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