英语专四阅读理解练习（七）附答案解析

　　英语专四阅读提分的技巧来源于多做练习，不仅是为了高质快速选择答案正确，更重要的是希望同学们能从阅读理解练习中分析文章的布局安排，作者的意图，换位思考自己在专四写作中会如何运用。希望能对考生们有所帮助。

　　Municipal sewage is of relatively recent origin as apollutant. It was first brought to public attention inthe 19th century by a London physician whoshowed that the city's cholera outbreak had beencaused by just one contaminated well. Even thoughthe contamination of drinking water by diseasegerms has been nearly eliminated in this country,hundreds of communities are still discharging raw sewage into streams and rivers.?When weconsider that this sewage contains effluents from toilets, hospitals, laundries,industrial plants,etc., then the potential of the pollutants as a health hazard is apparent.?

　　The problem of municipal sewage disposal is complicated by the fact that, years ago,mostcities combined their storm and waste disposal sewers. Many of these combined systemswork well, but others cannot cope with sudden heavy rains. When such storms occur, watermixed with sewage may flood and disable treatment plants unless bypassed, untreated, into astream. In either case, the people may have little protection for several days from thesewastes that may contain disease germs.?Even if adequately treated to eliminate the healthhazard, sewage is aesthetically undesirable because of odors and colors produced. Detergentshave posed a particular disposal problem. Although there is no indication that they areinjurious to health, they can cause foaming, which can clog treatment plants and, at the least,spoil the scenic beauty of streams.?Rural and suburban residents should be aware that septictanks and cesspools are a potential source of pollution to ground water supplies. This isespecially true in the suburban areas with a high population density and with no municipalsewage disposal and treatment system available. In some areas, sewage disposal isaccomplished by cesspools. Soil research is furnishing guidelines for more effective and saferuse of systems such as these.?

　　1. This passage is concerned primarily with the _____ .

　　A. problems of waste disposal?

　　B. dangers of drinking from wells?

　　C. turbidity of polluted water?

　　D. outbreak of cholera

　　2. The author mentions the London cholera epidemic to _____ .?

　　A. prove that the city refused to deal with pollution?

　　B. prove that medical science once knew little about pollution?

　　C. introduce the idea of contaminated water supplies?

　　D. recall a historical fact?

　　3. In densely populated suburban areas, a danger exits from _____ .?

　　A. streams that do not flow directly to open bodies of water?

　　B. cesspools and septic tanks that contaminate water supplies?

　　C. storm and waste disposal sewers that have been combined?

　　D. the undesirable odors of sewage?

　　4. In developing the main point, the author makes use of _____ .

　　A. scientific arguments?

　　B. convincing testimony?

　　C. common sense observations?

　　D. analogy?

　　1.A。此题为主旨题。线索词为"sewage"、"pollutant"、"sewage disposal"等，这些词贯穿文章始终，可见A项符合题意。B、C、D三项皆为文中细节，不能反映主题。?

　　2.C。此题为细节题。答案在第一段。线索词为"Londoncholera"。此题考查作者引用的目的。A项与文中所述事实相反。B项文中未涉及此话题。D项"London cholera"是一个"historical fact"，却不是作者引用之目的。?

　　3. B。此题为细节题。答案在最后一段的主题句中。线索词为"suburban"、"source ofpollution"和"ground water"。?

　　4. C。此题为篇章结构题。作者首先提出排污系统为污染源，然后通过观察、分析、归纳来阐述观点，而没用A项"科学论证"、B项"令人信服的证据"或D项"类比"。

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