专八人文知识需知的美国名人--第一个好莱坞巨头Samuel Goldwyn

专八人文知识需知的美国名人--第一个好莱坞巨头Samuel Goldwyn

　　英语专八人文知识涵盖的知识面较广，考生们需要平时多积累小常识，这样在专八考试中才能游刃有余，新东方在线整理了专八人文知识需知的美国名人系列知识点供考生们参考。

　　塞缪尔·戈尔德温，制片人、演员，主要作品有《一厢情愿》《主教之妻》《飓风 1937版》等。

　　Samuel Goldwyn (17 August 1879 – 31 January 1974) was anAmerican film producer, and founding contributor executive ofseveral motion picture studios.

　　Biography

　　Goldwyn was born Schmuel Gelbfisz in Warsaw, CongressPoland, Russian Empire to a Polish Jewish family. At an early age he left Warsaw on foot andpenniless. He made his way to Birmingham, England, where he remained with relatives for a fewyears using the name Samuel Goldfish. In 1898, he emigrated to the United States, but fearingrefusal of entry, he got off the boat in Nova Scotia, Canada, before moving on to New York inJanuary 1899. He found work in upstate Gloversville, New York, in the bustling garment business.Soon his innate marketing skills made him a very successful salesman. After four years, as vice-president for sales, he moved back New York City.

　　Paramount

　　Gelbfisz became a naturalized citizen of the United States in 1902. At the time, the fledgling filmindustry was expanding rapidly and in his spare time, an enraptured Gelbfisz went to see as manymovies as possible. Before long, he went into the business with Vaudeville performer Jesse L. Lasky,his brother-in-law at the time, and Adolph Zukor, a theater owner. Together, the three producedtheir first film, using an ambitious young director named Cecil B. DeMille. Disputes arose betweenthe partners and Gelbfisz left after a few years but their company evolved to later becomeParamount Pictures. Shortly before this, he also divorced his first wife, Blanche (née Lasky), withwhom he had a daughter, Ruth Anne.

　　Goldwyn Pictures

　　In 1916 he partnered with Broadway producers Edgar and Archibald Selwyn, using a combinationof both names to call their movie-making enterprise the Goldwyn Pictures Corporation. Seeing anopportunity, Samuel Gelbfisz then had his name legally changed to Samuel Goldwyn, which heused for the rest of his life. The Goldwyn Company proved moderately successful but it is their"Leo the Lion" trademark for which the organization is most famous. Eventually the company wasacquired by Marcus Loew and his Metro Pictures Corporation but by then Samuel Goldwyn hadalready been forced out by his partners and was never a part of the new studio that becameMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Goldwyn was married to Blanche Lasky, a sister of one of his partnersJesse, from 1910 to 1915. In 1925, he married actress Frances Howard to whom he remainedmarried for the rest of his life. Their son, Samuel Goldwyn, Jr., would eventually join his father in thebusiness.

　　Oscar

　　In 1946, the year he was honored by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences with theIrving G. Thalberg Memorial Award, Goldwyn's drama The Best Years of Our Lives, starring MyrnaLoy, Fredric March, Teresa Wright and Dana Andrews, won the Academy Award for Best Picture.In the 1950s Samuel Goldwyn turned to making a number of musicals including the 1955 hit Guysand Dolls starring Marlon Brando, Jean Simmons, Frank Sinatra, and Vivian Blaine. This was the onlyindependent film that Goldwyn ever released through MGM. Two years later, in 1957, he wasawarded The Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award for his outstanding contributions to humanitariancauses.

　　In his final film, made in 1959, Samuel Goldwyn brought together African-American actors SidneyPoitier, Dorothy Dandridge, Sammy Davis, Jr. and Pearl Bailey in a film rendition of the GeorgeGershwin opera, Porgy and Bess. Released by Columbia Pictures, the film was nominated for threeOscars, but won only one. It was also a critical and financial failure, and the Gershwin familyreportedly disliked the film and eventually pulled it from distribution. The reception of the film was ahuge disappointment to Goldwyn.

　　On March 27, 1971, Goldwyn was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by PresidentRichard Nixon.

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