专四词汇语法详解:情态动词

2015-08-10 12:10:11来源:网络

专四词汇语法详解:情态动词

  1)can 用于否定句cannot(help)but表示不能不,只能(but后跟不带to的动词不定式)

  2)must 表示禁止,一定不要时的否定式为mustn't 当它表示有把握的推断时 意为一定 准是时 它的否定形式为can't

  3)need doing=need to be done 这个句型表示被动意味

  4)need not have done sth 表示本来没有必要做某事 (经常考)

  表示已经发生的情况

  (1)must have +过去分词,表示对已发生情况的肯定推测,译为“(昨天)一定……”。如:My pain must have been apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically: “Are you feeling all right?”

  (2)can’t/couldn’t have +过去分词,表示对已发生情况的否定推测,译为“(昨天)一定没……”。 如:

  Mary couldn’t have received my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now.

  (3)may/might have +过去分词,表示对已发生的事情做不肯定、可能性很小的推测,或事实上根本没发生,译为“也许……”。如:At Florida Power’s Crystal River plant, a potentially serious leakage of radioactive water may have been unknowingly caused by an electrician.

  几个情态动词常考的句型

  (1)may/might (just) as well“不妨,最好”,与had better相近。如:Since the flight was cancelled, you might as well go by train.

  (2)cannot/can’t…too… “越……越好,怎么也不过分”。注意这个句型的变体cannot…over…。如:

  You cannot be too careful when you drive a car.

  The final chapter covers organizational change and development. This subject cannot be overemphasized.

  (3)usedn’t或didn’t use to为used to (do)的否定式。

  (4)should 除了“应该”一层意思外,大纲还规定要掌握其“竟然”的意思。如:I didn’t expect that he should have behaved like that

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