专四词汇语法详解:虚拟语气

2015-08-11 10:00:58来源:网络

专四词汇语法详解:虚拟语气

  从句 主句

  (1)与过去事实相反 had+过去分词 should(第一人称)would(其它人称)+have+过去分词与现在事实相反 一般过去式(动词be用were) would/should/could/might+动词原型与将来事实相反 过去式或should/were+动原 would/should/could/might+动词原型

  (2)It is (high/about/the)time……谓语动词用过去式 指现在或将来的情况 表示早该做某事而现在已经有点晚了

  (3)It is the first(second/third)time后的that从句中,谓语动词要用完成体来表示一种经验

  (4)as if/though 的虚拟要点

  1)对当时事实的假设,从句谓语用过去式,be动词一律用were

  2)对过去事实的假设,从句谓语用过去完成式

  3)对未来事实的假设,从句谓语用would+动词原型

  (5)needn’t have+过去分词,表示做了不必做的事,译为“其实没必要……”。如:

  As it turned out to be a small house party, we needn’t have dressed up so formally.

  (6)should /should not have +过去分词,表示应该做某事但实际上未做,或本不应该做但实际上做了, 译为“本(不)应该……”。如:I regret having left the work unfinished; I should have planned everything ahead carefully.

  (7)ought to have+过去分词,表示动作按理该发生了,但实际上未发生,译为“该……”,与should的完成式含义类似。如:

  The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke.

  (8)could have+过去分词,表示过去本来可以做但却未做,译为“完全可以…”。如:

  What you said is right, but you could have phrased it more tactfully.

  (9)may/might have + 过去分词,表示过去可以做但实际未做,译为“(那样)也许会……”。如:

  It might have been better to include more punchy statistics and photos of equipment in the introduction to further assist first-time office automation managers.

 

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