2017英语专四语法考点：As 的用法、比较级的用法

2017英语专四语法考点：As 的用法、比较级的用法

　　专四语法考点虚拟语气、情态动词、非谓语动词、复合句、倒装、小语法(省略，时态，反义疑问句，代词，强调句，主谓一致，冠词，形容词及副词)、as的特殊用法。

　　一、as的用法：

　　1. 原级比较一般结构 as … as ; not as … as ; the same … as ;

　　Eg: The work is not as difficult as you think.

　　Last year, land values in most parts of the pinelands rose almost as fast as, those outside the pinelands.

　　2. as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面.中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。as可引导非限制性从句，常带有‘正如’。

　　As we know, smoking is harmful to one‘s health.

　　As is known, smoking is harmful to one’s health.

　　As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语;例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。

　　3. 尽管，虽说(引起让步状语从句)

　　Eg. Intelligent as she was, she had not much insight. 尽管她很聪明，但她没眼力。

　　4. As much as 达到(和)。。。(一样)的程度

　　5. as(so) far as 就……而论，据……(引导方式状语从句)

　　6. So as to 为的是以便

　　7. Such as to 以致

　　8. as(so) long as 只要(=only if 引导条件状语从句)

　　9. as soon as 一…就(引导时间状语从句)

　　10. as well (as) 也，以及，还;和;不仅(连接并列成分或从句)

　　二、比较级的用法归纳

　　1. more than 其含义为: “不仅是， 非常， 十分”等， 用法和意义较多。

　　more …than 其含义可以是: “与其说……不如说， 不是……而是”

　　2. no more than not more than

　　a. He has no more than five dollars on him.

　　他身上仅有5美元。(强调少)

　　b. He has not more than five dollars on him.

　　他身上带的钱不超过仅有5美元。(强调数额少于5美元)

　　3. no more … than　　 not more … than

　　a. He is no more diligent than you.

　　他不勤奋，你也不勤奋。(两人都不勤奋) (含有消极否定的意思)

　　b. He is not more diligent than you.

　　他没有像你那样勤奋。(两人都勤奋，但你更勤奋) (含有积极、肯定的意思，表示程度上的差异)

　　4. no less than = as much as 意为：“竟有…之多，多达”强调多

　　not less than 意为“不少于，至少”，可观地描述

　　no less … than 前后均为肯定，含有惊奇的感情色彩。可译为：“是…是，正是， 和 … 一样， 多达，应有…之多”

　　a. His son has read no less than 50 English books.

　　他的儿子竟然读了50本英文书。(强调多)

　　b. His son has read not less than 50 English books.

　　他的儿子读了不少于50本英文书。(不强调多或少)

　　5. hardly more than用来表示“仅仅”。

　　Eg. The little man was hardly more than one meter fifty high. 这个小个子男人仅有1.5米高.

　　6. 在 more … than 结构中， than 有时可看作关系代词，相当于than what…

　　Eg. There ought to be less anxiety over the risk of getting cancer than exists in the public mind today. (Than = than what…) 人们不应该像今天这样担心害怕患上癌症

　　7. no other than 只有，正是。它常用来加强语气，多用于书面语。

　　Eg. The murderer turned out to be no other person than the inspector himself.

　　结果是，那个杀人犯不是别人，正是巡官自己。

　　8. no better than 和……一样，实际上等于(practically the same as)

　　Eg.A man who cannot read and write is no better than the blind.

　　不识字的人跟瞎子没有两样。

　　9. most 大多数的意思; most of某个范围中的大多数。

　　10. better …than 与其说……倒不如说。

　　Eg. Certain programs work better for some than for others.

　　某些项目对有些人来说效果不错对其他人来说则不然。

　　11. more likely … than 比较结构

　　Eg.There are few electronic applications more likely to raise fears regarding future

　　很少有电子应用软件能够像机器人那样引起人们对未来就业机会的担忧。

　　12. so much as用在否定句中：与其说，不如说

　　Eg. The trumpet player was certainly loud. but I wasn't bothered by his loudness so much as his lack of talent.

　　演奏者吹得声音很大，但是我不是被他的噪声打搅，而是因他缺乏天赋而生气。

　　13.other than意思是：不同于，除……之外;rather than意思是：而不是。

　　三、隐含比较级

　　inferior, superior, senior, junior, prior +to

　　1) prior to 较早的，较重要的

　　The task is prior to all others. 这项任务比其他所有的任务都重要。

　　2)superior to优越，高于

　　In math he felt superior to John. 他觉得自己数学比约翰强。

　　3)inferior to 下等的，次的

　　4) senior to 年长的，地位高的;junior年幼的，地位低的，迟的

　　He is two years senior to me. 他比我大两岁。

　　5)preferable to 更好的

　　Health without riches is preferable to riches without health.

　　贫穷但健康要比富有却多病更可取。

　　6) prefer…to 更倾向于…

　　prefer doing sth to doing sth

　　prefer to do rather than do

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