2018专四完形填空例题解析技巧及运用:推测空白处单词词义

2017-07-25 18:01:50来源:网络

2018专四完形填空例题解析技巧及运用:推测空白处单词词义

  2018专四完形填空部分要求学生首先阅读一篇250字左右的短文,文章通常涉及的话题有:科技,经济,时政,社会,文化等等.文章当中有10处空白,每个空白处需填入一个词以使上下文语义完整,行文连贯.考生需从文末表格中提供的15个词中选择10个恰当的词分别填入空白处.单词的适当形式已经给出,因此考生不需要再对单词的语法形式进行调整.

  接下来,我们来看一道例题:

  It seems to be a law in the technology industry that leading companies eventually lose their positions, often quickly and brutally. Mobile phone champion Nokia, one of Europe’s biggest technology success stories, was no __1_, losing its market share in just a few years.

  In 2007, Nokia accounted for more than 40% of mobile phone sales _2_. But consumers’ preferences were already__3__toward touch-screen smartphones. With the introduction of Apple’s iPhone in the middle of that year, Nokia’s market share __4__rapidly and revenue plunged. By the end of 2013, Nokia had sold its phone business to Microsoft.

  What sealed Nokia’s fate was a series of decisions made by Stephen Elop in his position as CEO, which he __5__in October 2010. Each day that Elop spent in charge of Nokia, the company’s market value declined by $23 million, making him, by the numbers, one of the worst CEOs in history.

  But Elop was on the only person at __6__. Nokia’s board resisted change, making it impossible for the company to adapt to rapid shifts in the industry. Most __7__, Jorma Ollila, who had led Nokia’s transition from an industrial company to a technology giant, was too fascinated by the company’s __8_success to recognize the change that was needed to sustain its competitiveness.

  The company also embarked on a __9___cost-cutting program, which included the elimination of thousands of jobs. This contributed to the __10___of the company’s once-spirited culture, which had motivated employees to take risks and makes miracles. Good leaders left the company, taking Nokia’s sense of vision and direction with them. Not surprisingly, much of Nokia’s most valuable design and programming talent left as well.

  A.assumed B.bias C.desperate D.deterioration E.exception F.fault G.incidentally H.notably I.previous J.relayed K.shifting L.shrank M.subtle N.transmitting O.worldwide

  解题技巧:根据上下文并结合常识推测空白处单词词义,在此基础上,再从选项中筛选出正确答案.

  使用前提:词汇量足够大.只有词汇量够大,才能够比较准确地把握上下文的意思,否则无法做出有效推测,也才能够根据推测去筛选选项中提供的单词.

  技巧运用:

  1. 上文指出:在技术行业领头的公司最终都会丧失他们的领先地位,这似乎是一个规律.既然是规律,那就是会不断重演的,无法避免的.因此,下文提到的Nokia,这个曾经的手机市场的领头羊,也自然是概莫能外,因此,答案是exception, "no exception"表示并非例外的意思.

  2. 上文说:2007年,Nokia占据着手机市场超过40%的份额.下文紧跟着开始谈到消费者开始青睐触屏智能手机.而空白处出现在上文中.很明显,上文缺少一个很关键的东西,那就是"手机市场"所指的具体范围,是欧洲的手机市场呢,还是全世界的手机市场呢,不得而知,而这个信息的丢失将会使所有的数据失去意义.所以答案肯定是表示区域范围的词,因此选出worldwide.

  3. 空白处所在的句子整体意思是指:消费者开始青睐触屏智能手机.据此可推测出,在此之前,手机不是触屏智能机,而是传统的功能单一的按键手机.因此,这句话是在描述一个消费习惯的变化,既然是变化,那符合我们推测的词只能是shifting. 这里也许有同学会误选transmitting,认为它也可以表示转化,其实,这个词的意思是"传播""传送""发送",而不能表示变化或转化.

  4.上文提到:2007年iPhone面市,Nokia的市场份额因此发生了一个什么变化,其收益也大幅下跌.那到底发生了什么变化呢?既然收益下跌,那市场份额肯定是缩水,不可能是扩张,因此,选表示"缩水""缩小"之意的词,只能是shrank.

  5. 上文说:最终决定了Nokia命运的是一个叫Elop任职CEO期间所做出的一系列决定.下文是一个非限定性定语从句,表示事情发生的时间.什么事情发生的时间呢?定语从句的先行词是CEO,即一个职位.因此下文应该是说任职期间,而表示担任某一职务,只能是assumed(to take or begin to have power or responsibility).

  综上所述,这是一个非常实用的解题技巧,但前提是考生必须要有足够大的词汇量,否则将无法准确推测出空白处丢失的信息,也无法识别选项中的单词,这一技巧也就无从实施.

------------------------说正事儿专用分隔线---------------------------- 

  OMG….道长怒批过专四背词汇书是最烂的方法……!

  你真的会背单词吗?

  A\B\C感觉背的滚瓜烂熟,D-Z专四词汇书的扉页还全新?

  道长告诉你背单词真的不用会拼写

  写作怎么办?道长会传授你写作必备十大范文,里面涵盖了所有必备词汇

  那么到底背单词终极奥义四字法又是什么?

  点击图片戳进去听道长为你细细道来

专四专八精选好课 暖心助学

新东方好老师 手把手带学

2020专四专八复习备考必备资料

关注新东方在线服务号回复【专四/专八词汇】

更多资料
更多>>
更多内容
更多>>
更多好课>>
更多>>
更多资料