2018英语专八语言知识模拟练习及答案解析（二十二）

2018英语专八语言知识模拟练习及答案解析（二十二）

　　2018英语专八语言知识题这一部分是有250个单词左右组成的一篇短文，短文中有10行标有题号，10行内都有一个错误，需要运用语法、词汇、修辞、等语言知识识别短文的内的语病并提出改革方案。要求考生根据“增添”、“删除”、“改变其中某个单词或者短语”的三种方法的一种改正错误。共10题，考试时间15分钟。

新东方在线英语专八频道为大家整理了2018英语专八语言知识模拟练习及答案解析，希望大家在平时边练习边掌握语法知识点。

　　Apprenticeships have long been popular in Europe, but workforce-oriented high school training is nearly as common in U.S. schools.(1)____ One reason is that such programs sound dangerously similar to track-sorting students by ability level, a practice repeatedly rejected in U.S. culture, by which the dominant philosophy is that all students should have opportunity to meet their full potential.(2)____(3)____

　　If high schools were to advise students that some education beyond high school is not necessary for everyone, "there's little bit of a concern that... we're saying a lesser goal is OK for the populations of students who have been historically least well-served by high education," says Jane Wellman, executive director of Delta Project, which studies higher education spending.(4)____(5)____

　　In recent years, male college-going and completion rates have raised concerns. But those least well-serving historically are low-income and underrepresented m4iority students, who are less likely than their peels to pursue two- and four-year degrees, and most at risk of not completing college if they do enroll.(6)____(7)____(8)____

　　Some evidence suggest, though, that students already are being held to different standards.(9)____ A recent national survey of high school teachers by ACT Inc., the educational testing company, found 71% agreed " completely" or "a great deal" that high school graduates need the same set of skills and knowledge if they plan to go to college or enter the workforce, yet 42% said teachers reduce academic expectations for students they perceive as not being college-bound.(10)____

　　文章大意

　　本文讨论美国高等教育之外的教育形式的可能性。学徒制在欧洲一直很受欢迎，但在美国却并非如此。美国向来强调公平平等，坚持认为所有人都应该享有机会去充分发挥自己的潜能。一旦宣扬接受高等教育并非唯一选择，少数弱势群体则可能继续万劫不复的弱势生活。然而，一些证据也表明，现实中学生已经受到双重标准的对待。

　　答案详解

　　1.∧nearly→not语篇错误。文章第一句“学徒制在欧洲一直很受欢迎”，紧接着用but转折，明显后半句表示相反含义。那么盲外之意，在美国则没有那么受欢迎。句中应该加上否定词not。

　　2.track→tracking语法错误。本句考查的是短语be similar to的用法，to为介词，后面应该跟名词或动名词。根据下文判断track在这里为动词，表示“追踪，跟踪”，所以应该加ing。

　　3.by→in词汇错误。此句的介词by回归到定语从句中，其正常语序为the dominant philosophy by US culture is that...，显然介词错误，应该用in US culture，意思为“在美国文化中”。

　　4.∧little→a词汇错误。本句考查的是little和a little的区别。前者表否定，后者表肯定。此句表达的是一种肯定的意思：如果高中阶段就告诉学生不是每个人都有必要接受高中以上的教育，则可能会有一些担忧，所以要加上a，a little bit表示“有一点”。

　　5.high→higher词汇错误。全篇讲的都是“接受高等教育是否是唯一选择”的问题。“高等教育”固定表达为higher education。

　　该句意思为“如果高中阶段就告诉学生不是每个人都有必要接受高中以上的教育，就意味着我们告诉那些长期得不到高等教育的人群：低层次目标是可以接受的”。

　　6.well-serving→well-served词汇错误。此处those...指代的是某类学生，他们应该是“最不受待见”，应该用过去分词well-served，表“被对待的”。

　　7.majority→minority语篇错误。句中提到的是低收入、未被充分代表的学生。这些学生属于少数群体而不是多数群体，应该改成minority。

　　8.peels→peers词汇错误。peel作名词时意为“(蔬菜、水果等的)皮”，放在此处语义不当。这里指的是少数学生的“同龄者”，故应该选用peel的形近词peer。

　　9.suggest→suggests语法错误。主语Some evidence为不可数名词，谓语要用第三人称单数，故suggest应加s。

　　10.if→whether词汇错误。本句考查的是whether...or的固定搭配。此处意为“不论他们是准备进大学还是去工作，高中毕业生都需要同样的技能和知识”。

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