2018英语专四语言知识题必备知识点:表语从句的引导词

2017-10-18 17:25:49来源:网络

2018英语专四语言知识题必备知识点:表语从句的引导词

  英语的从句包括主语从句、表语从句、状语从句、定语从句、同位语从句、宾语从句等。根据从句部分在句子里不同的表情达意作用,又可细分为更多类型,如状语从句包含表示原因的原因状语从句、表示时间概念的时间状语从句、表示假设的条件状语从句;根据从句语义的重要性和语气的强弱又可进一步细分,比如定语从句可细分为限定性定语从句(此时从句含义与主句紧密相关)以及非限定性定语从句(此时从句含义与主句联系不紧密,仅起到补充说明作用)。综上所述,各种从句都有各自常用的引导词,如限定性定语从句常用that引导,非限定性定语从句常用which引导,条件状语从句常用if引导,主语从句常用what引导等。考生应该根据上述从句分类,搞清常用的引导词的用法。

  表语从句

  连接词:that / whether /as if /as though

  连接代词:who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词:when / where / why / how / because

  1) that 在从句中仅起连接作用,无实际意义,在句中不做任何成分,不能省略。

  2) whether在表语从句中表 是否 但不充当句子的成分。if 不能 引导表语从句.如:

  1. What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.

  2. The question is whether it is worth doing.

  3) What在表语从句中充当主语宾语表语,表示什么,什么样子,…的人或事. 1. The question is what caused the accident. 2. That mountain is no longer what it used to be .

  3. What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.

  4) who 在表语从句中充当主语,宾语,表语,表示谁。.

  1. The problem is who could do the work 2. My trouble is who (whom) I can turn to.

  5) which 在引导表语从句时,常充当定语,表语表示哪一个,哪一些。如:

  I read about it in some book or another, but what I don’t know is which (book) it is.

  6) 由as if, as though引导表语从句,表示好像。句子中的系动词常用be, look, appear, seem, sound等。

  1. It looks as if it was doing to rain.

  2. The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl.

  7) 当主句的主语为reason,或者是由why引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用that来引导,而不能由because引导;because 引导表语从句时只能用于It/That/This is /was because…句型中.

  1. The reason why I was late was that I missed the train. 2. I was late. It/That/This was because I missed the train.

  注意:当表语从句中主语、宾语、表语具备,但是还是要表示疑问含义,可以判断句子中缺少状语,常常用相应的特殊疑问词引导,有why, when, where, how等 This is how he did it.

  That is why the brothers wanted to make a bet. That’s why we’ve given you the letter.

  表语从句引导词注意事项 1. that引导表语从句时不能省.

  2. if不能引导表语从句.

  3. 除that外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。

  4. 除that, whether外的所有引导词都须在从句中充当相应的成分

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