2018专八语言知识练习题及答案解析（九）

2018专八语言知识练习题及答案解析（九）

2018专八语言知识练习题及答案解析汇总

　　The fact that the world's cities are getting more and more crowded is a well-documented demographic fact Cities such as Tokyo, Sao Paolo, Bombay and Shanghai are now considered "mega-cities", reflecting their enormous size and huge populations, which in many cases is around the twenty million-mark. There are two main reasons why these and other cities are becoming so crowded: one economic and other socio-cultural.(1)____

　　Undoubtedly, the primary cause for cities becoming so crowded is economic, With a country develops, its cities become the engines of development Furthermore.many jobs are available in these areas.(2)____(3)____ Tokyo, for example is the motor for Japan's rapid economic development in the 1960’s and 70’s as a result, it a population increased rapidly.(4)____ People moved to Tokyo so that they could find jobs and establish economic security themselves and their families.(5)____

　　A further factor in the huge increase in urban populations is the socio-cultural factor. Thousands of people migrating to the cities not only for jobs but also for educational and personnel reasons.(6)____(7)____ The better universities are always located in big and this attracts tens of thousands of students every year. These Students usually stay up and work in the city after they graduate Moreover, young people will move to the city as if the villages and rural areas are often governed by custom and tradition, which they believe is an obstacle to their private freedom.(8)____(9)____

　　In conclusion, we can say that amongst the many causes behind urban population density, the economic or cultural are the most significant.(10)____ People always move to the areas which provide opportunity and the freedom they desire. It is now the responsibility of municipal councils to make sure these people are housed' clothed, fed and educated.

　　文章大意

　　本文讨论的是城市人口的拥挤问题。文章从两个方面人手，具体分析了造成人口过多的原因：一个是经济原因，大城市给人们提供了更多的就业机会，可以获得更多的经济保障;另一个是社会文化原因，好大学大多都位于大城市，而许多年轻人愿意搬去大城市因为他们认为农村的习俗和传统束缚了个人自由。

　　答案详解

　　1.∧other→the词汇错误。此句分析了大城市人口众多的两个主要原因：一个是经济原因，另一个是社会文化原因，此处应该用短语one...the other来表达，意思是“一个……另一个……”。所以此处要增加定冠词the。

　　2.With→As语法错误。with是介词，后面应该接名词、名词短语或代词，a country develops具有完整的主谓结构，所以应该由连词连接，此处该改为As。此句的意思是“随着一个国家的发展，这个国家的城市也成为其发展的主动力。”

　　3.Furthermore→Therefore语篇错误。上文提出，“随着一个国家的发展，这个国家的城市也成为其发展的主动力”，紧接着分析了“在这样的地区，有很多就业的机会”。

　　两个句子间应该是因果关系，下一句表结果而不是表递进含义，所以这里应该用Therefore，

　　4.is→was语法错误。此处考查时态的运用。根据此句的时间状语in the 1960's and 70's推断，此处应该用一般过去时，而分号后面increased也与此相呼应，所以将is改为was。

　　5.∧themselves→for词汇错误。establish... for...,意思是“为……建立……”。

　　此处的意思是“为自己和家人建立经济保障”。如果除去for.该句的意思就变成了“他们自己建立经济保障”，与后面的and their families则失去了语义关联。所以要增加for。

　　6.migrating→migrate语法错误。migrating在句中是现在分词，若作定语修饰前面的名词people，则该句缺乏谓语动词。此句唯一可以作谓语的就是动词migrate，所以将migrating改为migrate。该句的意思是“成千上万的人移民到城市不仅仅是为了工作，还为了教育和个人原因。”

　　7.personnel→personal词汇错误。personnel是名词，意思为“人员;人事部门”，personal是形容词，意思为“个人的，私人的”。此处与reason搭配，应该表示的是“个人原因”，所以达里改为personal。

　　8.up→on词汇错误。此处考查了stay的动词短语词义辨析。stay up意思是“熬夜”，stay on意思是“继续停留”。该句意为“大学生毕业后通常会继续留在大城市工作”，而不是表示“熬夜”，所以将up改为on。

　　9.if→if语法错误。as if意为“似乎，好像”，在句中引导方式状语从句时常使用虚拟语气。此处从句是解释为什么年轻人愿意迁居至城市的原因，故将if去掉，改为由as引导的原因状语从句。该句意为“甚至，年轻人愿意迁居至城市是因为他们认为农村地区的习俗和传统会阻碍他们的个人自由。”

　　10.or→and词汇错误。此句为文章的总结，说明导致城市人口密集的两大重要原因分别是经济和文化原因。经济和文化两者是并列关系而不是选择关系，这一点也与第一段结尾处的economic以及socio-cultural相呼应，所以要将or改为and。

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