2005年英语专八真题及答案

　　【人文知识】

　　PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)

　　31. ______ is the capital city of Canada.

　　A. Vancouver

　　B. Ottawa √

　　C. Montreal

　　D. York

　　32. U.S. presidents normally serves a (an) _________term.

　　A. two-year

　　B. four-year √

　　C. six-year

　　D. eight-year

　　33. Which of the following cities is NOT located in the Northeast, U.S.?

　　A. Huston. √

　　B. Boston.

　　C. Baltimore.

　　D. Philadelphia.

　　34. ________ is the state church in England.

　　A. The Roman Catholic Church.

　　B. The Baptist Church

　　C. The Protestant Church

　　D. The Church of England √

　　注：The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England and acts as the mother and senior branch of the worldwide Anglican Communion as well as a founding member of the Porvoo Communion.

　　35. The novel Emma is written by

　　A. Mary Shelley.

　　B. Charlotte Brontë.

　　C. Elizabeth C. Gaskell.

　　D. Jane Austen. √

　　36. Which of following is NOT a romantic poet?

　　A. William Wordsworth.

　　B. George Elliot. √

　　C. George G. Byron.

　　D. Percy B. Shelley.

　　37. William Sidney Porter, known as O. Henry, is most famous for

　　A. his poems.

　　B. his plays.

　　C. his short stories. √

　　D. his novels

　　注：O. Henry was the pen name of William Sydney Porter (September 11, 1862 - June 5, 1910), He was famous for his short stories and a master of the surprise ending, O. Henry is remembered best for such enduring favorites as "The Gift of the Magi" and "The Ransom of Red Chief." The combination of humor and sentiment found in his stories is the basis of their universal appeal.

　　38. Syntax is the study of

　　A. language functions.

　　B. sentence structures. √

　　C. textual organization.

　　D. word formation.

　　注：Definition of Syntax:

　　a. The study of the rules whereby words or other elements of sentence structure are combined to form grammatical sentences.

　　b. A publication, such as a book, that presents such rules.

　　c. The pattern of formation of sentences or phrases in a language.

　　d. Such a pattern in a particular sentence or discourse.

　　39. Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language?

　　A. Arbitrariness. 任意性

　　B. Productivity. 丰富性

　　C. Cultural transmission. 文化传播性

　　D. Finiteness. 局限性 ?

　　注：design feature: features that define our human languages,such as arbitrariness,duality,creativity,displacement,cultural transmission,etc.

　　相关内容请点击查看：胡壮麟《语言学教程》课后答案

　　40. The speech act theory was first put forward by

　　A. John Searle.

　　B. John Austin. √

　　C. Noam Chomsky.

　　D. M.A.K. Halliday.

　　注：John Langshaw Austin (March 28, 1911 - February 8, 1960) was a philosopher of language, who developed much of the current theory of speech acts. He was born in Lancaster and educated at Balliol College, Oxford. After serving in MI6 during World War II, Austin became White's Professor of Moral Philosophy at Oxford. He occupies a place in the British philosophy of language alongside Wittgenstein in staunchly advocating the examination of the way words are used in order to elucidate meaning.

　　【改错】

　　The University as Business

　　A number of colleges and universities have announced steep

　　tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,

　　very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because

　　of a loss in value of university endowments' heavily investing in common ___1

　　stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes

　　its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the ___2

　　outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of ___3

　　business firms. The rise in tuitions mayreflect the fact economic uncertainty ___4

　　increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of being

　　in the school is foregoing income from a job (this isprimarily a factor in ___5

　　graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one' s job prospects, ___6

　　the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,

　　in order to make oneself more marketable. The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students ___7

　　include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving students

　　a governance role, and eliminate required courses. ___8

　　Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as

　　customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the ___9

　　rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of the

　　athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the best

　　athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries earlier

　　from professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust authorities,

　　the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the best students, by

　　agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit rather than purely

　　of need-just like business firms agreeing not to give discounts on their best ___10

　　customer.

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