1997年英语专业八级考试真题（附听力mp3及答案）

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　　TEXT H

　　First read the question.?

　　34. The passage mainly ___.?

　　A. discusses patterns in company car use?

　　B. advertises famous British company cars?

　　C. recommends inexpensive company cars?

　　D. introduces different models of cars?

　　Read the text quickly and then answer question 34.?

　　Motorists would rather pay more tax than lose the place in the corporate pecking orderconferred on them by their company cars.?

　　And it is the company car—which accounts for half of all new motor sales each year—whichcontinues to be the key method of measuring your progress up the greasy pole.?

　　Although a Roll-Royce or Bentley is the ultimate success symbol, a Jaguar is still desired bymost top directors, according to the survey by top people’s pay and perks experts at theMonks Partnership.?

　　About 40 percent of company cars are perks rather than necessities for the job, even thoughthe average company car driver with a 1500cc engine is paying more than three times as muchin tax compared to a decade ago.?

　　Average cash allowances for a company car rise from 1,500 for those whose job requires themto have four wheels, to ￡ 4,000 for chief executives.?

　　For company chairmen, the BMW 7 series and Jaguar’s Daimler Double Six top the list offavored cars , with upper range Mercedes-Benz models close behind.

　　The chief executive’s tastes follow a similar pattern with Jaguar’s Sovereign 4.0 litre and XJ63.2, Mercedes-Benz’s 320/300 and the BMW 7-series proving most popular.?

　　For other directors, the BMW 5 series is tops, followed by the Mercedes-Benz 200 series,Jaguar’s XJ 63.2 and the Rover 800 series.?

　　Senior managers favor the BMW 3 and 5 series, depending on their rank and company size. ?

　　Sales representatives drive the 1.8 and 1.6 litre Ford Mondeos, Rover 200 and 400 series andPeugeot’s 405.?

　　Top of the prohibited list are sports cars and convertibles. But British policies are beingrelaxed, with 64 per cent of companies offering Japanese cars. The practice of employeestrading up by making cash contribution to the value of the car they want is becoming morecommon, with some from reporting take-up rates in excess of 70 per cent.?

　　TEXT I

　　First read the questions.?

　　35. ___ deals with Marx’s intellectual impact.?

　　A. Chapter Ⅰ B. Chapter Ⅱ?C. Chapter Ⅲ D. Chapter Ⅳ?

　　36. The chapter that discusses an important source of learning in high-technology industries is___.

　　A. Chapter Ⅲ B. Chapter Ⅳ C. Chapter Ⅴ D. Chapter Ⅵ?

　　37. The role of market forces in innovative activities is addressed in ___.?

　　A. Part Ⅰ B. Part Ⅱ C. Part Ⅲ D. Part Ⅴ?

　　Read the text quickly and then answer question 35，36 and 37.

　　The book opens with a broad survey, in Part Ⅰ, of the historical literature on technical change.It attempts to provide a guide to a wide range of writings that illuminate technological changeas a historical phenomenon. The first chapter discusses aspects of the conceptualization oftechnological change and then goes on to consider what the literature has had to say on(l) therate of technological change, (2) the forces influencing its direction, (3) the speed with whichnew technologies have diffused, and (4) the impact of technological change on the growth inproductivity.?

　　A separate chapter is devoted to Marx. Marx’s intellectual impact has been so pervasive asto rank him as a major social force in history, as well as an armchair interpreter of history.Part II is, in important respects, the core of the book. Each of its chapters advances anargument about some significant characteristics of industrial technologies. Chapter 3 exploresa variety of less visible forms in which technological improvements enter the economy. Chapter4 explicitly considers some significant characteristics of different energy forms. It examinessome of the complexities of the long-term interactions between technological change andenergy resources. Chapter 5, “On Technological Expectations,” addresses an issue that issimultaneously relevant to a wide range of industries—indeed, to all industries that areexperiencing, or are expected to experience, substantial rates of technical improvement.?

　　The last two chapters of PartⅡare primarily concerned with issues of greatest relevance tohigh-technology industries. Chapter 6, “Learning by Using,” identifies an important source oflearning that grows out of actual experience in using products characterized by a high degree ofsystem complexity. In contrast to learning by doing, which deals with skill improvements thatgrow out of the productive process, learning by using involves an experience that beginswhere

　　learning by doing ends.?

　　The final chapter in Part Ⅱ, “How Exogenous Is Science?” looks explicitly at the nature ofscience technology interactions in high-technology industries. It examines some of the specificways in which these industries have been drawing upon the expanding pool of scientificknowledge and techniques.?

　　The three chapters constituting Part Ⅲ share a common concern with the role of market forcesin shaping both the rate and direction of innovative activities, They attempt to look into thecomposition of forces constituting the demand and the supply for new products andprocesses, especially in high-technology industries.?

　　Chapter 8 examines the history of technical change in the commercial aircraft industry over afifty-year period 1925 - 1975. Finally, the two chapters of Part Ⅳ place the discussion oftechnological change in an international context, with the first chapter oriented toward its

　　long history and second toward the present and the future. Chapter 11 pays primary attentionto the transfer of industrial technology from Britain to the world-wide industrialization,because nineteenth-century industrialization was, in considerable measure, the story of theoverseas transfer of the technologies already developed by the first industrial society. The lastchapter speculates about the prospects for the future from an American perspective, aperspective that is often dominated by apprehension over the loss of American technologicalleadership, especially in high-technology industries. By drawing upon some of the distinctivecharacteristics of high-technology industries, an attempt is made to identify possibleelements of a future scenario.?

　　TEXT J

　　First read the questions.?

　　38. Who can enter the contest??

　　A. Postgraduates. B. Undergraduates. C. Journalists.D. Teachers.?

　　39. Which of the following entry rules is NOT correct??

　　A. Submissions had been published within a specified period.?

　　B. No limits are set on content or length of the submission.?

　　C. Each entrant can submit no more than one entry.?

　　D. A cover letter by the entrant is required.?

　　Read the text quickly and then answer question 38 and 39.

　　THE FIFTH ANNUAL?

　　NATION/I.F. STONE AWARD?

　　FOR STUDENT JOURNALISM?

　　ENTRY DEADLINE:JUNE 29,1994?

　　PURPOSE: The Nation Institute/I. F. Stone Award recognizes excellence in student journalism.Entries should exhibit the uniquely independent journalistic tradition of I. F. Stone. A self-described “Jeffersonian Marxist, ”Stone combined progressive polities, investigative zeal and acompulsion to tell the truth with a commitment to human rights and the exposure ofinjustice. As Washington edit or of the Nation magazine and founder of the legendary I. F.Stone’s Weekly, he

　　specialized in publishing information ignored by the mainstream media (which he often found inThe Congressional Record and other public documents overlooked by the big-circulationdailies).?

　　ELIGIBILITY: The contest is open to all undergraduate students enrolled in a U. S. college.Articles may be submitted by the writers themselves or nominated by editors of studentpublications or faculty members. While entries originally published in student publications arepreferred, all articles will be considered provided they were not written as part of a student’sregular course work.

　　THE PRIZE: The article that, in the opinion of the judges, represents the most outstandingexample of student journalism in the tradition of I. F. Stone will be published in a fall issue ofThe Nation. The winner will receive a cash award of $ 1,000. The Nation reserves the right toedit the winning article to conform to the space limitations of the magazine. Announcement ofthe winning article will be made in The Nation in the fall of 1994.?

　　DEADLINE: All entries must be postmarked by June 29,1994.?

　　ENTRY RULES: All entries must have been written or published between June 30, 1993 and June29, 1994. Please send 2 photocopies.?

　　Each writer may submit up to three separate entries. A series of related articles will beconsidered as a single entry. Investigative articles are particularly encouraged. There are norestrictions as to scope, content or length.?

　　Accompanying material in support of entries is not required, but entrants are encouraged tosubmit a cover letter explaining the context of the submitted story, along with a briefbiographical note about the author. Elaborate presentations are neither required nor desired.Entries will not be returned.?

　　Judges reserve the right to authenticate, accept or disallow entries at their discretion. Thedecision of the judges is final.?

　　All entries must include the writer’s school, home address and telephone number.?

　　ALL ENTRIES SHOULD BE SENT TO:?

　　NATION/STONE AWARD, C/O THE NATION INSTITUTE,?

　　72 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10011?

　　FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ,PLEASE?

　　CAI J.(212) 463 - 9270?

　　A PROJECT OF THE NATION INSTITUTE?

　　TEXT K

　　First read the question.?

　　40.According to the holiday advertisement, $ 939 is for a ___.?

　　A. two-week holiday in October?

　　B. two-week holiday in November?

　　C. three-week holiday in November?

　　D. three-week holiday in October?

　　Read the text quickly and then answer question 40.?

　　HAWAII

　　What price paradise??

　　Less than you could possibly imagine on this incredible value holiday with Page & Moy, theUK’s No 1 tour operator to Hawaii.?

　　You can enjoy three weeks for the price of two at the Outrigger Village Hotel for just $ 899during November or $ 939 in October.?

　　The Polynesians call Hawaii “Paradise on earth”. You’ll soon see why, whilst enjoying the facilitiesof the Outrigger Village Hotel including pool, bars, restaurant and shopping arcade, and just afive minute walk from the legendary Waikiki beach.?

　　Life can be as busy or as relaxing as you like——we can even help you create your ownitinerary of excursions to the other islands, each stunningly beautiful but very different.?

　　To start your holiday you can choose a 2 night stay in San Francisco, Los Angeles or as Vegasabsolutely free.?

　　Join us in the tropical paradise of Hawaii-2 weeks from an unrepeatable price of $ 899 with a3rd week free.?

　　THE PRICE INCLUDES?

　　2 nights in San Francisco, Los Angeles or Las Vegas.?

　　Scheduled flights from London/Manchester/Birmingham.?

　　Transfers between airport and hotels (except Las Vegas)?

　　14 nights accommodation in Hawaii-3rd week free.?

　　Traditional Lei greeting.?

　　Services of experienced local travel representatives?

　　Free travel bag.?

　　Holiday Delay Insurance.?

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