2015英语专四模拟题（6）

　　PART Ⅴ READING COMPREHENSION (25 MIN)

　　82、根据以下资料，回答82-101题：

　　To live in the United States today is to gain an appreciation for Dahrendorfs assertion that social change exists everywhere.Technology, the application of knowledge for practical ends, is a major source of social change.

　　Yet we would do well to remind ourselves that technology is human creation; it does n~t exist naturally.A spear or a robot is as much a cultural as a physical object.Until humans use a spear to hunt game or a robot to produce machine parts, neither is much more than a solid mass of matter.For a bird looking for an object on which to rest, a spear or robot serves the purpose equally well. The explosion of the Challenger space shuttle and the Russian nuclear accident at Chemobyl drive home the human quality of technology; they provide cases in which well-planned systems suddenly went haywire and there was no ready hand to set them right.Since technology is a human creation, we are responsible for what is done with it.Pessimists worry that we will use our technology eventually to blow our world and ourselves to pieces.But they have been saying this for decades, and so far we have managed to survive and even flourish.Whether we will continue to do so in the years ahead remains uncertain.Clearly, the impact of technology on our lives deserves a closer examination.

　　Few technological developments have bad a greater impact on our lives than the computer revolution.Scientists and engineers have designed specialized machines that can do the tasks that once only people could do.

　　There are those who assert that the switch to an information-based economy is in the same camp as other great historical milestones, particularly the Industrial Revolution.Yet when we ask why the Industrial Revolution was a revolution, we find that it was not the machines. The pri~ reason why it was revolutionary is that it led to great social change. It gave rise to mass production and, through mass production, to a society in which wealth was not confined to the few.

　　In somewhat similar fashion, computers promise to revolutionize the structure of American life particularly as they free the human mind and open new possibilities in knowledge and communication.The Industrial Revolution supplemented and replaced the muscles of humans and animals by mechanical methods.The computer extends this development to supplement and replace some aspects of the mind of human beings by electronic methods.It is the capacity of the computer for solving problems and making decisions that represents its greatest potential and that poses the greatest difficulties in predicting the impact on society.

　　A spear or a robot has the quality of technology only when it

　　A.can be of use to both man and animal

　　B.is made use of by man

　　C.serves different purposes equally well

　　D.is used both as a cultural and a physical object

　　83、 What's the author's purpose of citing the examples of the Challenger and Chemobyl?

　　A.To show that technology could be used to destroy our world.

　　B.To stress that technology is a human creation, so we are responsible for it.

　　C.To prove that technology usually goes wrong, if not controlled by man.

　　D.To demonstrate that being a human creation, technology is liable to error.

　　84、 The phrase "the human quality of technology" (Line 5, Para.2) is used to suggest that technology

　　A.does not exist in the natural world

　　B.can replace some aspects of the human mind

　　C.has some characteristics of human nature

　　D.has a great impact on human life

　　85、 According to the author, the introduction of computer is a revolution mainly in that __________

　　A.it enables people to live a better life

　　B.it develops in a similar pattern to Industrial Revolution

　　C.it has helped to switch to an information technology

　　D.it has great potential to lead to social changes

　　86、 The passage is based on the author's

　　A.cautious analysis of the replacement of the human mind by machines

　　B.objective criticism of the role of Industrial Revolution

　　C.keen insights into the nature of technology?

　　D.detailed description of the negative consequences of technology

　　87、根据以下资料，回答87-106题：

　　Hawaii's native minority is demanding a greater degree of sovereignty over its own affairs.But much of the archipelago's political establishment, which includes the White Americans who dominated until the Second World War and people of Japanese, Chinese and Filipino origin, is opposed to the idea.

　　The islands were annexed by the US in 1898 and since then Hawaii's native peoples have fared worse than any of its other ethnic groups.They make up over 60 percent of the state's homeless, suffer higher levels of unemployment and their life span is five years less than the average Hawaiians.They are the only major US native group without some degree of autonomy.

　　But a sovereignty advisory committee set up by Hawaii's first native governor, John Waihee, has given the natives' cause a major boost by recommending that the Hawaiian natives decide by themselves whether to reestablish a sovereign Hawaiian nation.

　　However, the Hawaiian natives are not united in their demands.Some just want greater autonomy within the state--s enjoyed by many American Indian natives owr.matters such as education.This is a position supported by the Office of Hawaiian Affairs (OHA), a state agency set up in 1978 to represent the natives' interests and which has now become the moderate face of the native sovereignty movement.More ambitious is the Ka Lahui group,which declared itself a new nation in 1987 and wants full, official independence from the US.

　　But if Hawaiian natives are given greater autonomy, it is far from clear how many people this will apply to.

　　The state authorities only count as native those people.with more than 50 percent Hawaiian blood.

　　Native demands are not just based on political grievances, though.They also want their claim on 660,000 hectares of Hawaiian crown land to be accepted.It is on this issue that native groups are facing most opposition from the state authorities.In 1993, the state government paid the OHA $136 million in back rent on the crown land and many officials say that by accepting this payment the agency has given up its claims to legally own the land.

　　The OHA has vigorously disputed this.

　　Which of the following can be referred to as Hawaii's native minority?

　　A.Hawaii's ethnic groups.

　　B.people of Filipino origin.

　　C.the Ka Lahui group.

　　D.people with 50% Hawaiian blood.

　　88、 Which of the following statements is true of the Hawaiian natives?

　　A.Sixty percent of them are homeless or unemployed.

　　B.Their life span is 5 years shorter than average Americans.

　　C.Their life is worse than that of other ethnic groups in Hawaii.

　　D.They are the only native group without sovereignty,.

　　89、 Which of the following is NOT true of John Waihee?

　　A.He is Hawaii's first native governor.

　　B.He has set up a sovereignty advisory committee.

　　C.He suggested the native people decide for themselves.

　　D.He declared that Hawaii itself is a new nation.

　　90、 Which of the following groups holds a less radical attitude on the matter of sovereignty?

　　A.American Indian natives.

　　B.Office of Hawaiian Affairs.?.

　　C.The Ka Lahui group..

　　D.The Hawaiian natives.

　　91、 Vafious native Hawaiians demand all the following EXCEPT __________

　　A.a greater autonomy within the state

　　B.more back rent on the crown land

　　C.a claim on the Hawaiian crown land

　　D.full independence from the US

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