2019专八翻译技巧：填充词的使用

2019-01-16 16:46:18来源：网络

2019专八翻译技巧：填充词的使用

　　为了使译文更加流畅自如，句内关系更加清晰，有时需添加一些在语义上似乎不甚重要的词，这些词可称为填充词(fill-in-words)。

　　译文里加一些虚词(即副词、连接词等)，读起来更加流畅，提高了译文的质量，可以更好地传达原文的内容和口气。

　　【例1】港口设施的业主或经营者应该按照港口设计规范，提供安全靠岸、离岸、移动泊位的条件。

　　The proprietor or operator of port facilities shall provide safe means for mooring,departing and changing to another berth,all in advance with the designed specifcations of the port.

　　汉语的“按照”如译成in accordance with也是完全可以的。现在译文中添加了副词all以后，读上去更顺畅，有助于读者更清楚地看出，不仅是changing to another berth，而且是所有三件事，都要符合港口设计规范。

　　【例2】国际经济俩联系日益密切，科学技术突飞猛进，对世界政治、经济和社会的发展产生重要影响。

　　International economic links have become tighter and tighter, and science and technology are advancing by leaps and bounds, both of which are exerting a major influence on world political, economic and social development.

　　由于译者添加了both of，引导读者去寻找起所指代的两件事，也即前面的两个从句。所以，译文显得清楚，流畅。

　　【例3】(近十几年来我国科技进步不小)希望在新世纪，进步更快。

　　译文1: I hope greater progress can be made in the new century.

　　译文2: I hope still greater progress can be made in the new century.

　　译文1将“进步更快”译成greater progress，译文基本正确，但意义不够积极。

　　译文2添加了一个still这一填充词，意思是过去的进步也很大。

　　【例4】(培养接班人)这是眼前的一个问题，并不是已经输你解决了，希望解决得好。

　　译文1: This is a pressing problem that has not been solved satisfactorily, and I hope it will be.

　　译文2: This is a pressing problem that has not yet been solved satisfactorily, and I hope hope it will be.

　　与译文1相比，译文2添加了yet，不但读上去顺畅，而且语义更为积极，含有将要解决之义。

　　【例5】收入分配关系尚未理顺。

　　Things have yet to be straightened out in the matter of income and distributions.

　　“关系尚未理顺”可以译成things have not been straightened out，;但如添加yet，译成things have not yet been straightened out，读上去更顺。最后，把否定式转为肯定式，译为things have yet to be straightened out，更传递了一种积极的意义。

　　【例6】我读的书并不多，就是一条，相信毛主席讲的实事求是。过去我们打仗靠这个，现在搞建设、搞改革也靠这个。

　　译文1: I have not read many books, but there is one thing I believe in: Chairman Mao's principle of seeking truth from facts. That is the principle we relied on when we were fighting wars, and we continue to rely on it in construction and reform.

　　译文2: I haven't read too many books,...

　　汉语中的划线部分通常可像译文1那样译为 I have not read too many books，但贬义较重。译文2嵌入了too这个不起眼的小词，顿时消除了贬义，使译文更符合整个上下文的语气。

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专八考试时间：2019年3月23日(星期六)上午8:30。

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