2020专四语法指导：反意疑问句

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　　反意疑问句首先判断是助动词还是情态动词：

　　1. Have to

　　反意疑问句的陈述部分谓语有have to时，附加疑问句通常用助动词do。

　　You have to study hard, don't you?

　　I don't have to get up early, do I?

　　They had to obey the rules and regulations of the school, didn't they?

　　She didn't have to do it herself, did she?

　　2. Need

　　反意疑问句的陈述部分谓语有need时，need做情态动词，附加疑问句仍用need，need做实义动词时，附加问句用助动词do。

　　They needn't make such a loud noise, need they?

　　He needs the money for his son's education, doesn't he?

　　3. Had better

　　反意疑问句的陈述部分为had better时，附加问用助动词had。

　　You had better go at once, hadn't you?

　　We'd better call off our appointment, hadn't we?

　　4. Would rather

　　反意疑问句的陈述部分为would rather时，附加问句用情态动词would。

　　You'd rather not do it, would you?

　　She would rather die than surrender to the enemy, wouldn't she?

　　5. Used to

　　反意疑问句的陈述部分为used to时，附加问句用助动词did。

　　You used to stay up late every evening watching TV, didn't you?

　　6. Ought to

　　反意疑问句的陈述部分为ought to时，附加问句用助动词should.

　　She ought to go by plane, shouldn't she?

　　We ought not to laugh at others'mistakes, should we?

　　7. Must

　　反意疑问句的陈述部分有must，附加问句分三种情况：

　　⑴must do—mustn't

　　⑵must be—随人称用系动词一般现在时

　　⑶must have done—didn't

　　①We must book the ticket in advance, mustn't we? (必须)

　　②She must be in the office, isn't she? (肯定)对现在事情的肯定猜测。

　　③He must have done his homework, didn't he? (肯定)对过去事情的肯定猜测。

　　8. Wish

　　反意疑问句的陈述部分是wish时，附加问句用情态动词may。

　　I wish to shake hands with you, may I?

　　人称和数

　　1. 陈述部分主语是"I"时，附加问句的人称分二种情况：

　　⑴I hope that…, don't you?

　　I can't believe it, can you?

　　⑵I will be 14 tomorrow, aren't I?

　　I am interested in it, aren't I?

　　2.

　　陈述部分主语是everything、nothing、something等时看作单数，附加问句用it指代。

　　陈述部分主语是everyone、everybody、nobody、somebody、someone、no one 、anybody、any one等时看作复数，附加问句用they指代。

　　陈述部分主语是不定代词one时，附加问句用one指代。

　　3.

　　Nothing is amazing there,is it?

　　Something will have to be done about the price,won't it?

　　Nobody is leaving tomorrow,are they?

　　Everyone hopes to get promoted,don't they?

　　Someone left their umbrella in the bus, didn't they?

　　One can't be too careful, can one?

　　祈使句后面的附加问句

　　1. 祈使句后面的附加问句，分三种情况;

　　⑴表客气、委婉、邀请、劝诱、愿望等时，用won't you 。

　　Have a cup of coffee, won't you?

　　⑵表命令、强制的要求、请求时，用will you。

　　Do it at once, will you?

　　⑶否定祈使句用will you 。

　　Don't close the door, will you?

　　2.

　　Let's 和let us后面的附加问句，分两种情况;

　　⑴let's包括对方在内，用shall we 或shan't we。

　　⑵let us不包括对方在内，用will you 或won't you。

　　Let 后接非us之外的人称如me、him、her、them等时，附加问句用will you。

　　3.

　　(1)Let句型

　　let's go to the movies, shall we?

　　let us go to the movies, will you ?

　　let him go, will you?

　　let me attend the farewell party, will you?

　　(2)There+be句型的反意疑问句

　　There+be句型的反意疑问句，附加问句用be there/be not there，由主语人称时态和数决定。

　　There won't be any trouble, will there?

　　There's not much news in today's paper, is there?

　　There has been much confusion since his arrival, hasn’t there?

　　(3)This/that/It is/was the third time that句型

　　This/that/It is/was the third time that等句型中，反意主句，用it指代。

　　This is the third time this week he has been late, isn't it?

　　It was the second time that she had been to the Great Wall, wasn't it?

　　主从复合句

　　1.

　　I think (suppose…)宾语从句结构，附加问句反意从句分两种情况;

　　⑴前肯定句，后用否定句。

　　I think that he is serious, isn't he?

　　⑵前有否定句，后面附加问句用肯定(I don't think)。

　　I don't suppose that she is serious, is she?

　　上述主从复合句主句主语是第一人称以外的人称时，反意主句。

　　They think Mary will pass the examination, don't they?

　　2.

　　I hope+宾语从句结构，附加问句用don't you。

　　I hope that they study hard, don't you?

　　感叹句后的附加问句

　　感叹句后的附加问句指人时，根据人称、数决定用什么指代。指物时，根据单复数决定，用it /they指代。

　　What an interesting story, isn't it?

　　What a funny man, isn't he?

　　How silly they are, aren't they?

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