2020专四考试考前练习（13）

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　　TEXT D

　　Within that exclusive group of literary characters who have survived through the centuries--from Hamlet to Huckleberry Finn--few can rival the cultural impact of Sherlock Holmes. Since his first public appearance 20 years ago, the gentleman with the curved pipe and a taste for cocaine, the master of deductive reasoning and elaborate disguise, has left his mark everywhere--in crime literature, film and television, cartoons and comic books.

　　At Holmes' side, of course, was his trusted friend Dr. Watson. Looming even larger, however, was another doctor, one whose medical practice was so slow it allowed him plenty of time to pursue his literary ambition. His name: Arthur Conan Doyle. As the creator of these fictional icons, Conan Doyle has himself become something of a cult figure, the object of countless critical studies, biographies and fan clubs.

　　Conan Doyle was born in Edinburgh in 1859, int9 a respectable middle-class Catholic family. Still, it was far from an easy life. There was never enough money; they moved frequently in search of lower rents; and his father, a civil servant and illustrator was an alcoholic who had to be institutionalized. Yet the early letters he wrote to his mother are surprisingly optimistic, concerned mainly with food, clothes, allowances and schoolwork. At 14 came his first unforgettable visit to London, including Madame Tussaud's, where he was "delighted with the room of Horrors, and the images of the murderers."

　　A superb student, Conan Doyle went on to medical school, where he was attracted by Dr. Joseph Bell, a professor with an uncanny ability to diagnose patients even before they opened their mouths. For a time he worked as Bell's outpatient clerk and would watch, amazed, at how the location of a callus (:~) could reveal a man's profession, or how a quick look at a skin rash told Bell that the patient had once lived in Bermuda. In 1886, Conan Doyle outlined his first novel, A Study in Scarlet, which he described as "a simple tale of mystery to make a little extra money." Its main character, initially called Sherringford Hope and later called Sherlock Holmes, was based largely on Bell. But Holmes' first appearance went almost unnoticed, and the struggling doctor devoted nearly all of his spare time to writing long historical novels in the style of Sir Walter Scott—novels that he was convinced would make his reputation. It wasn't to be. In 1888, Holmes reappeared in A Scandal in Bohemia, a short story in Strand Magazine. And this time, its hero took an immediate hit and Conan Doyle's life would never be the same.

　　96. The typical features of Sherlock Holmes were all EXCEPT

　　A. rational.

　　B. sociable.

　　C. intelligent.

　　D. cunning.

　　97. Which of the following is NOT true about Conan Doyle and his family?

　　A. He came from a middle-class family.

　　B. They led a hard life in Edinburgh.

　　C. His father was addicted to drinking.

　　D. His mother had received little education.

　　98. How did Conan Doyle feel about his first visit to London?

　　A. It was horrible.

　　B. It was pleasant.

　　C. It was awful.

　　D. It was memorable.

　　99. We can infer from the last paragraph that

　　A. the more calluses a person has, the more professional he would be.

　　B. writers often base their writing on personal experiences.

　　C. Conan Doyle has gone through a period of hardship on his way to success.

　　D. inspiration was very important for a person to create something.

　　100. Conan Doyle's short story "A Scandai in Bohemia" has proved to be __ at last.

　　A. successful

　　B. powerful

　　C. ridiculous

　　D. frustrating

　　【文章概要】

　　本文描述了柯南道尔的生平及创造福尔摩斯的过程。首段分析柯南道尔作品中福尔摩斯的特征;第2-3段介绍柯南道尔的生平及家庭背景;末段讲述了他的成名过程。

　　【答案解析】

　　96.[B]细节判断题。考查福尔摩斯的人物性格特征，定位到第l段。第1段描写福尔摩斯是一个总是拿着卷曲烟斗、嗜好古柯碱、善于推理和伪装的一个人，因此A、C、D选项都是对福尔摩斯这一人物特征的描绘，而选项B (社交广的)并未在文中提及，本题是逆向选择题，因此选项B是答案。

　　97.[D]细节判断题。考查柯南道尔的家庭背景，定位到第3段。本段提到柯南道尔出生在一个中产阶级家庭但是生活很不容易，也对他的父亲进行了介绍。但是对于他的母亲文章只提到柯南道尔给其母亲写信并未提及其母受教育情况，因此选项D是答案。

　　98.[D]细节判断题。考查柯南道尔对伦敦的印象，定位到第3段。根据第3段末句可知，第一次伦敦之旅给柯南道尔留下难以磨灭的记忆，故答案D符合题意，同时排除其他三项。

　　99.[C]细节推断题。从最后一段的描述可知，柯南道尔在经历了失败和挫折之后最终才取得了成功，故选项C符合题意。Bell能够从手上老茧的位置来判断一个人的职业，A误读了原文。柯南道尔的小说A Study in Scarlet以Bell为原型，但不能以此说明作者总是根据亲身经历来创作。

　　100.[A]细节判断题。考查柯南道尔的小说最后的结果，定位到最后一段。根据末段末句可知，柯南道尔发表在Strand Magazine上的短篇小说A Scandal in Bohemia中的男主角风靡一时，柯南道尔的人生也将由此发生改变.因此A选项符合题意。

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