2022年英语专四模拟练习4

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　　完形填空

　　1. Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

　　It is hard to say how long people have been drinking wine. Wine is far older than recorded history. Some experts say it is as old as (1) itself.

　　The flint wine ever made was (2) an accident. People in ancient times (3) have picked ripe grapes. Some juicy grapes at the bottom of the container were (4) together. As the grapes broke open, yeasts on the skins went to work turning sugar from the fruit into alcohol. It is the fermentation (5) that turns grape juice into wine.

　　Wine was not just about having a/an (6) drink. It could be stored for future use. (7) it was nutritious and much safer to drink than water during early times. Some experts say that up (8) the 1600s in Europe, wine was one of the only prepared drinks. After that, wine had (9) from beer, coffee, and tea.

　　Winemaking probably began in the ancient Near East and Egypt. Burial places in ancient Egypt (10) information about wine and its importance in Egyptian culture. The ancient Romans greatly expanded the winemaking (11) By the end of the Roman Empire, almost all of the major wine producing (12) still in production today (13) established in western Europe.

　　One thing was very important for the start of the modem wine industry. Wine (14) a better storage method. In the mid-16OOs' people began making glass wine bottles that were (15) and low cost. Before that, wine was transported in containers made (16) wood, clay or leather.

　　Glass bottles and the tight seal of a cork (17) wine to last longer in storage. It became clear that wine (18) even better over time. These developments (19) a whole new kind of wine culture.

　　Today, the top wine producing countries in the world are Italy, France and Spain, (20) the United States.

　　2. [A] mankind [B] language

　　[C] culture [D] civilization

　　3. [A] generally [B] admittedly

　　[C] probably [D] undoubtedly

　　4. [A] must

　　[B] might

　　[C] can

　　[D] should

　　5. [A] smashed

　　[B] collided

　　[C] crashed

　　[D] crushed

　　6. [A] process

　　[B] procedure

　　[C] manner

　　[D] mode

　　7. [A] amusing

　　[B] fascinating

　　[C] enjoyable

　　[D] acceptable

　　8. [A] However

　　[B] Therefore

　　[C] And

　　[D] Then

　　9. [A] with

　　[B] for

　　[C] against

　　[D] to

　　10. [A] interruption

　　[B] exploitation

　　[C] invasion

　　[D] competition

　　11. [A] submit

　　[B] provide

　　[C] equip

　　[D] bring

　　12. [A] profession

　　[B] manufacture

　　[C] industry

　　[D] enterprise

　　13. [A] territories

　　[B] areas

　　[C] sections

　　[D] communities

　　14. [A] were

　　[B] would be

　　[C] have been

　　[D] had been

　　15. [A] requested

　　[B] appealed

　　[C] needed

　　[D] deserved

　　16. [A] stronger

　　[B] more delicate

　　[C] mightier

　　[D] bigger

　　17. [A] of

　　[B] for

　　[C] in

　　[D] from

　　18. [A] let

　　[B] permitted

　　[C] guaranteed

　　[D] ensured

　　19. A] drank

　　[B] sensed

　　[C] felt

　　[D] tasted

　　20. [A] led to

　　[B] amounted to

　　[C] devoted to

　　[D] catered to

　　21. [A] confronted with

　　[B] tied up with

　　[C] followed by

　　[D] preceded by

　　语法&词汇

　　1. Reading is to the mind ______ food is to the body.

　　[A] that [B] what

　　[C] where [D] which

　　2. This cage is too small, and the animals have nothing to do all day but ______ inside round and round.

　　[A] to run [B] running

　　[C] runs [D] run

　　3. He speaks English so fluently as if he ______ English in England.

　　[A] studied [B] had studied

　　[C] would study [D] should study

　　4. During the process of the experiment, he underwent ______.

　　[A] the most unimaginable frightful ordeals [B] the most frightful ordeals unimaginable

　　[C] the most frightful unimaginable ordeals [D] the unimaginable most frightful ordeals

　　5. Which italicized part in the following sentences indicates REASON?

　　[A] Stepping off the pavement, he was knocked down by the bus.

　　[B] He went out shutting the door behind him.

　　[C] Being sick, I stayed at home.

　　[D] She hurried into office, carrying documents in hand.

　　6. It is stipulated in the new rules that the jury is formed by a group of people who ______ the power of effective action.

　　[A] have [B] are

　　[C] is [D] has

　　7. The average income of the people in this small town is ______ in the past three years.

　　[A] more than doubled [B] more doubled than

　　[C] much than doubled [D] much doubled than

　　8. In the sentence "I consider the book expensive", the italicized word is______.

　　[A] an attribute [B] an adverbial

　　[C] an object complement [D] a subject complement

　　9. It was necessary that he ______ everything ready ahead of time.

　　[A] has made [B] had made

　　[C] make [D] makes

　　10. The whole family is all engaging in handling the troublesome problem. ______ you play the games at such a crucial time?

　　[A] Must [B] Can

　　[C] May [D] Need

　　11. He explained everything over and over again ______ anyone should misunderstand him.

　　[A] since [B] when

　　[C] lest [D] as if

　　12. You'd better continue to use the same spelling of your name as ______ you used in your application.

　　[A] one [B] the one

　　[C] any [D] some one

　　13. Which is not suitable for the blank in the sentence "The store sells all kinds of rulers,______ "?

　　[A] so I bought some [B] so I bought ones

　　[C] but I don't like any [D] and I bought medium ones

　　14. ______ him as a writer, yet I don't like him as a man.

　　[A] Much I admire [B] Much as I admire

　　[C] As much I admire [D] As I admire much

　　15. Most companies have a rigid timetable. When they say one-hour rest at noon, ______ includes time for eating.

　　[A] as [B] which

　　[C] what [D] that

　　16.

　　The two friends who had not met for a long time were so ______ in conversation as to be unconscious of the lapse of

　　time.

　　[A] engaged [B] absorbed

　　[C] focused [D] devoted

　　17.

　　The new slogan is ______ in the conference that the enterprise is going to implement its technological standard to its

　　development.

　　[A] accelerated [B] included

　　[C] advanced [D] adapted

　　18. They divide the city into sections, each ______ having its own streets or blocks.

　　[A] district [B] region

　　[C] area [D] vicinity

　　19. We delayed our departure______ bad weather.

　　[A] on account of [B] to account of

　　[C] with account of [D] for account of

　　20. The police are ______ the information received.

　　[A] acting as [B] acting for

　　[C] acting on [D] acting in

　　21. Poetry can never be ______ expressed in another language.

　　[A] properly [B] amply

　　[C] sufficiently [D] adequately

　　22. But it is only since the Third Plenary Session that the policy of reform and open has been raised more______.

　　[A] exclusively [B] extensively

　　[C] exceptionally [D] explicitly

　　23. The experts give much advice ______ improving performance and obtaining higher efficiency.

　　[A] on [B] to

　　[C] with [D] for

　　24. Whether we go to Paris is ______.

　　[A] on the air [B] in the airs

　　[C] in the air [D] with the air

　　25. The ______ of students takes place in the auditorium.

　　[A] congress [B] assembly

　　[C] conference [D] summit

　　26. She pays me a very charming ______ on my painting.

　　[A] compliment [B] complement

　　[C] implement [D] accomplishment

　　27. It is hardly ______ that she has grown so tall in one year.

　　[A] credulous [B] credible

　　[C] feasible [D] plausible

　　28. All personnel of the company are ______for the retirement plan.

　　[A] illegible [B] audible

　　[C] edible [D] eligible

　　29. We held ______ views on all the questions discussed.

　　[A] equal [B] equivalent

　　[C] identical [D] parallel

　　30. We hope to ______ our aim by peaceful means.

　　[A] reach [B] achieve

　　[C] arrive [D] get

　　阅读理解

　　1.

　　EXT A

　　In ten years, the living conditions of the poor have been improving—but not necessarily because of the UN's goals.

　　Even at 70, Jiyem, an Indonesian grandmother, gets up in the small hours to cook and collect firewood for her impoverished

　　household. Her three-year-old grandson is malnourished. Nobody in her family has ever finished primary school. Her

　　ramshackle house lacks electricity; the toilet is a hole in the ground; the family drinks dirty water. Asked about her notion

　　of well-being by researchers from Oxford University, Jiyem said, "I cannot picture what well-being means. "

　　The sort of deprivation Jiyem describes remains widespread. The United Nations reckons that in 2008 over a quarter of

　　children in the developing world were underweight, a sixth of people lacked access to safe drinking water, and just under

　　half used insanitary toilets or none at all. ① But while these figures are disquieting, a smaller fraction of people were

　　affected than was the case two decades ago. So such data also indicate the world's progress towards meeting the Millennium

　　Development Goals ( MDGs), a set of targets adopted by world leaders at the UN ten years ago.

　　The leaders gave themselves 15 years to reach the goalposts set in 2000. Two-thirds of that time is up. This week they

　　returned to the UN for another meeting. Few, if any, of them have close experience of poverty. So the MDG exercise has at

　　least made them spend three days discussing matters they might prefer to ignore. It has also helped to shift the debate away

　　from how much is being spent on development towards how much is being achieved.

　　But few go as far as Ban Ki-Moon, the UN secretary-general, who recently called the goals "a milestone in international

　　co-operation" that had helped "hundreds of millions of people around the world. "②alking up the MDGs is, of course, part of

　　Mr Ban's job. And there has indeed been progress on many fronts. But it is hard to assign much credit to the exercise itself.

　　Alison Evans of Britain's Overseas Development Institute (ODI) reckons that the MDGs have come to be seen as applying to

　　each developing country. But it is hard to track performance at country level: 28 of the poorest countries have recorded

　　poverty rates for only one year between 1990 and 2008, according to a tally by researchers at the Centre for Global

　　Development, a think-tank in Washington, DC. ③ This makes any judgments about their progress mere guesswork.

　　2. It can be inferred from the passage that Jiyem is ______ her life.

　　[A] fed up with [B] satisfied with

　　[C] burdened with [D] disappointed at

　　3. The word "insanitary" in Paragraph 3 probably means ______.

　　[A] dirty [B] simple

　　[C] small [D] public

　　4. According to the passage, the poverty-stricken people ______.

　　[A] have encountered new problems [B] have become fewer on the whole

　　[C] will cast off poverty soon [D] live and work in peace

　　5. Which of the following statements about the leaders might be TRUE?

　　[A] They spared no expense to help the poor.

　　[B] They identified with the poverty-stricken people.

　　[C] They thought little of the problem of poverty.

　　[D] They cared about the success they have achieved.

　　6. As to MDGs, Alison Evans is ______.

　　[A] biased [B] optimistic

　　[C] supportive [D] skeptical

　　7.

　　EXT B

　　[1] "Daddy, you're crying," say my sons. "No, boys, I'm man-crying. Very useful skill. "

　　[2] A short walk from my house in Hampshire, on a hill overlooking the heathland, is a plaque marking the spot where

　　Richard Pryce Jones deliberately crashed his Halifax bomber during the war.① He could have parachuted to safety, but that

　　would have meant crashing into the village. The epitaph reads: "He died that others might live. "

　　[3] It never fails to move me. Not to tears, you understand. That would be disrespectful. But I do usually manage a lump

　　in the throat and that film of moisture over the eyes that men have in their emotional armoury.② Gordon Brown demonstrated

　　the non-crying cry beautifully when he made his farewell speech on the steps of Number 10. That catch in the throat. The

　　determination not to weep in public. At that moment, if at no other, he had nobility.

　　[4] Not everyone can carry it off. I don't think Paul Gascoigne ever quite got the hang of it, for example. But I like to

　　think I have it down to an art. My technique honed from years of watching The Railway Children, Sleepless in Seattle and that

　　scene in Dumbo when the mother elephant is locked away. "Daddy!" my sons will say, pointing the accusing finger. "You're

　　crying !"

　　[5] "Me? Over Dumbo? Ha ha ha. No, boys, what I am doing is man-crying, a sort of non-crying cry. I'll teach you it one

　　day. Very useful. "

　　[6] They are too young to appreciate the nuance yet, but when they are older I will explain that open sobbing is

　　associated with being female, and so inappropriate for men. ③The Charlie Chaplin analogy might be useful here. He once said

　　that the way to act drunk is to imagine yourself a drunk man trying to act sober. The same is true when a man learns the non

　　-crying cry. To be convincing, you must look as if you are trying to avoid tears.

　　[7] Men have to be careful what they cry at, because some subjects are more worthy of tears than others. Grief, obviously.

　　But not self-pity. And rarely should a man cry in pain. And never at the death of a princess he didn't know. Those are the

　　rules.

　　[8] I suspect my colleague Matt Pritchett might be with me on this. One of his cartoons showed a father next to a

　　television tuned to the World Cup, explaining to his children that "at some point in the next few weeks, you are going to see

　　me cry". ④ And the day after the last survivor of the Great Escape died, he did a cartoon showing a gravestone with a mound

　　of tunnelled earth trailing away from it. I seemed to have something in my eye when I saw that, and I expect he had the same

　　something in his eye when he drew it.

　　8. Richard Pryce Jones didn't parachute because ______.

　　[A] he was not allowed to do so [B] he wanted to save his plane

　　[C] he was afraid of parachute jump [D] he didn't want to take the villagers' lives

　　9. A man with the non-crying cry seems to be ______.

　　[A] noble [B] strong

　　[C] determined [D] indifferent

　　10. According to the author, Paul Gascoigne______.

　　[A] is a famous theater actor [B] is as good as Gordon Brown

　　[C] should learn from Gordon Brown [D] can't demonstrate the non-crying cry well

　　11. The word "nuance" in Paragraph 6 probably means______.

　　[A] great difference [B] slight difference

　　[C] subtle sense [D] no disparity

　　12. Men can cry when he feels______.

　　[A] painful [B] pitiful

　　[C] sentimental [D] melancholy

　　13. The best title for the passage is______.

　　[A] A Father's Advice [B] Man-crying

　　[C] Real Men [D] The Art of Cry

　　14.

　　TEXT C

　　The idea came to Nathan Eagle, a research scientist with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, when he was doing a

　　teaching stint in rural Kenya. He realised that, as three-quarters of the 4.6 billion mobile-phone users worldwide live in

　　developing countries, a useful piece of technology is now being placed in the hands of a large number of people who might be

　　keen to use their devices to make some money.① To help them do so, he came up with a service called txteagle which

　　distributes small jobs via text messaging in return for small payments.

　　Only 18% of people in the developing world have access to the Internet, but more than 50% owned a mobile-phone handset at

　　the end of 2009 ( a number which has more than doubled since 2005 ), according to the International Telecommunication Union.

　　One study shows that adding ten mobile phones per 100 people in a typical developing country boosts growth in GDP per person

　　by 0.8 percentage points.

　　Mr. Eagle hopes txteagle will do its bit by mobile "crowdsourcing"—breaking down jobs into small tasks and sending them

　　to lots of individuals. These jobs often involve local knowledge and range from things like checking what street signs say in

　　rural Sudan for a satellite-navigation service to translating words into a Kenyan dialect for companies trying to spread

　　their marketing. ② A woman living in rural Brazil or India may have limited access to work, adds Mr. Eagle, "but she can

　　still use her mobile phone to collect local price and product data or even complete market-research surveys. " Payments are

　　transferred to a user's phone by a mobile money service, such as the M-PESA system run by Safaricom in Africa, or by

　　providing additional calling credit.

　　Working with over 220 mobile operators, txteagle is able to reach 2 billion subscribers in 80 countries. It already has

　　the largest contract-labour force in Kenya and new ways of using it are being found all the time. Recently a large media firm

　　asked Mr. Eagle for help in monitoring its television commercials across Africa. The company was concerned that, although it

　　had paid for broadcasting rights, its ads could be replaced with others by local television companies. So txteagle pays

　　locals to watch and then text notes about which ads are shown. "I would never think of that myself," says Mr. Eagle. Which is

　　why he is not sure just how big all these small text jobs could become.

　　15. The one who is most likely to use txteagle is ______.

　　[A] an aggressive man aiming to make a fortune [B] a young mother who is busy with housework

　　[C] a poor man who has just lost his job [D] a rich man who idles around the whole day

　　16. hich of the following tasks of txteagle is NOT mentioned in the passage?

　　[A] Making a survey. [B] Collecting paper.

　　[C] Gathering data. [D] Doing translation.

　　17. Mr. Eagle is uncertain about the future of txteagle because______.

　　[A] unexpected ways of using it emerge continuously

　　[B] the contract-labour force is constantly increasing

　　[C] there are more and more mobile-phone users

　　[D] various companies are interested in the service

　　18. The passage aims to ______.

　　[A] illustrate how people can make small money [B] show why txteagle becomes so popular

　　[C] present the prospect of a new service [D] introduce a way to earn money by texting

　　19.

　　ver since the Puritans named their babies Fly-Fornication, America has been a land of naming freedom and self-expression.

　　While other governments impose restrictions—German parents have to choose a name that clearly indicates the gender of the

　　child and is not a surname, and the French, among others, forbid names that might expose a child to mockery—in the United

　　States, anything goes.

　　In 1950, nearly 30 percent of all babies were given one of the top ten names, a proportion that's now shrunk to less than

　　10 percent. Popular baby names today include locales like Brooklyn and London; surnames as given names that summon images of

　　Waspy dynasties, such as Morgan and Whitney; and brand names of upscale products.

　　A century ago, immigrants often changed their names as a first step toward assimilation, with Bridgets morphing into

　　Bettys and Giovannis naming their sons plain John. Now parents are going back to their ethnic roots for inspiration. With

　　assimilation no longer the issue, the classic Italian name Giovanni is close to being in the top 100 names for boys, and

　　Gianna has already made it into the top 100 names for girls.

　　Giving your child an ethnically distinct name can be a double-edged sword. "I grew up hating my name," says Orly Telisman,

　　35, named for her grandfather Orrin. But in college, she discovered an unexpected advantage Orly comes from the Hebrew word

　　for light. "Explaining my name gave me a way to say, I'm Jewish, which culturally and spiritually means a lot to me," she

　　says. "To appreciate my name, I had to grow into my own skin. "

　　The search for a name that screams " I'm unique!" leads some parents to invent names or play with traditional spelling.

　　Besides the classic Irish Aidan in the Social Security list of top 1,000 names, for example, there are also Aiden, Ayden,

　　Aden, Adan, Aaden, Aydan, and Aedan.

　　Sometimes bucking the latest trends means choosing something that others might see as decidedly out of style. Lee Krasny,

　　34, named her now-two, year-old daughter Dorothy, after the girl's maternal great- grandmother. "We struggled for a long

　　time with whether to name her Dorothy or just use the D and select a modern-sounding name, but it seemed most authentic to go

　　straight up. "

　　A downside of a "creative" name is that it may come with baggage, not all of it positive. "I always felt I was prejudged

　　by my name," says Gestin Skaggs, 43, whose parents named her for a word they heard in a German love song. "I've either had to

　　overcome some stereotype of a short, fat German man or live up to an expectation that I'm a really wild and creative thinker.

　　② People ascribe all kinds of personality traits to me that I don't have. "

　　But that's a small price to pay, say the teens with offbeat names we spoke with. "I've met a lot of people because of my

　　name. They hear it and think it's cool," says Calypso Gibaldi, 15, named by her ocean-loving father for Jacques Cousteau's

　　boat. "If my name was Jane, I'd be average like everyone else. "

　　20. Which of the following statements about names is NOT mentioned in the passage?

　　[A] Some governments forbid names that may be laughed at.

　　[B] American parents are allowed to name their children at will.

　　[C] A surname can not be used to name a child in Germany.

　　[D] French parents are much careful about choosing a name for their children.

　　21. The word "locales" in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.

　　[A] cities [B] places

　　[C] districts [D] towns

　　22. It can be inferred that a child's name reflects the parents' ______.

　　[A] intelligence [B] thought

　　[C] social status [D] lifestyle

　　23. As to a distinct name, all the following are true EXCEPT that ______.

　　[A] parents who don't choose it might be considered outdated

　　[B] most parents like to follow the latest trends

　　[C] every coin has two sides, so is a distinct name

　　[D] some parents would like to produce one

　　24. Some people prefer to have a distinct name because ______.

　　[A] it may give them a chance to meet more people

　　[B] it may become the topic of others' conversation

　　[C] they may be considered special in some aspects

　　[D] they may appeal to the opposite sex of the similar age

　　写作

　　1.

　　Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation:

　　You had an accident and broke your leg, so you can't do your part-time job in the caf6. Write a note to your boss Mr. Red

　　and recommend your classmate Judy to take your place this month.

　　Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.

　　2.

　　Statistics show that huge amounts of people's possessions are lost annually due to various telephone and e-mail frauds and

　　the losses continue to escalate. What do you think can avoid getting in trouble with these frauds?

　　Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:

　　One Way to Avoid Telephone and E-mail Frauds

　　You are to write in three parts.

　　In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is.

　　In the second part, support your opinion with appropriate details.

　　In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.

　　Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may

　　result in a loss of marks.

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