2022年专业八级英语综合笔记 (1)

2021-12-16 07:11:00来源:网络

  新东方在线专四专八频道给大家整理的相关内容,希望能够对大家的专四专八考试备考有所帮助,更多有关专四专八的备考内容,欢迎随时关注新东方在线专四专八频道。

  Chapter 8 Language in Social Contexts

  l What is sociolinguistics?

  n The sociolinguistic study of language

  u Language in relation to society

  u Diversity of language, variation between societies or within a society

  n The distinction between “language” and “a language”

  u Try to answer the following three questions:

  l Can language be defined in terms of geography?

  l Can language be defined in terms of nationality?

  l Should language be defined by mutual intelligibility?

  u The answer to these questions should all be no. All languages are equal. If you define language in terms of these factors, you are speaking of “a language”.

  l Varieties of language

  n A language varies according to the following factors:

  u Situation

  u Geographical areas

  u Social factors

  u Purposes and subject matters

  u Time (through which the language develops)

  n Geographical varieties and regional dialects

  u What’s the relationship between a regional dialect and the national standard speech?

  l A regional dialect is a variety of the national standard speech.

  u Accent

  l Pronunciation:

  l Spelling: -our/-or

  l Vocabulary:

  l Grammar: have you/do you have…

  u Social varieties

  l Sociolects are forms of a language that characterize the speech of different social classes.

  l A social variety is a variety of language brought about by the social factors.

  l Language plays the role of a social indicator.

  l Social classes and variation

  n Grammar: third person singular

  n Pronunciation: popular contracted forms

  l Sex and variation

  n Women tend to speak more standard, decent variation.

  n Women tend to make overstatements, especially when making comment.

  n Women prefer to use certain adjectives which are not used normally.

  n Women tend to avoid the use of vulgar words.

  n Women tend to use certain expressions to show happiness or surprise.

  l Age and variation

  l Race and variation

  n Racial difference

  n Black English

  - Pronunciation

  - Grammar

  l Temporal dialects

  n Standard dialect and idiolect

  u Standard dialect is the highest prestige in a society or a nation. It is usually based on the well-educated speech.

  以上就是新东方在线专四专八频道给大家整理的相关内容,希望对大家有所帮助,更多备考内容,欢迎随时关注新东方在线专四专八频道。


专四专八精选好课 暖心助学

新东方好老师 手把手带学

本文关键字: 专八攻略 专八

2020专四专八复习备考必备资料

关注新东方在线服务号回复【专四/专八词汇】

更多资料
更多>>
  • 2022年英语专业八级改错突击练 (25)

      新东方在线专四专八频道给大家整理的相关内容,希望能够对大家的专四专八考试备考有所帮助,更多有关专四专八的备考内容,欢迎随时关注

    来源 : 网络 2021-11-19 07:27:47 关键字 : 专八攻略 专八

  • 2022年英语专业八级改错突击练 (24)

      新东方在线专四专八频道给大家整理的相关内容,希望能够对大家的专四专八考试备考有所帮助,更多有关专四专八的备考内容,欢迎随时关注

    来源 : 网络 2021-11-19 07:27:40 关键字 : 专八攻略 专八

  • 2022年英语专业八级改错突击练 (23)

      新东方在线专四专八频道给大家整理的相关内容,希望能够对大家的专四专八考试备考有所帮助,更多有关专四专八的备考内容,欢迎随时关注

    来源 : 网络 2021-11-19 07:27:33 关键字 : 专八攻略 专八

  • 2022年英语专业八级改错突击练 (22)

      新东方在线专四专八频道给大家整理的相关内容,希望能够对大家的专四专八考试备考有所帮助,更多有关专四专八的备考内容,欢迎随时关注

    来源 : 网络 2021-11-19 07:27:27 关键字 : 专八攻略 专八

  • 2022年英语专业八级改错突击练 (21)

      新东方在线专四专八频道给大家整理的相关内容,希望能够对大家的专四专八考试备考有所帮助,更多有关专四专八的备考内容,欢迎随时关注

    来源 : 网络 2021-11-19 07:27:17 关键字 :

更多内容
更多>>
更多好课>>
更多>>
更多资料