2022年专四阅读练习：气候研究

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　　气候研究

　　The direct raya of the sun touch the equator andstrike northward toward the Tropic of Cancer. In theSouthern hemisphere winter has begun, and it issummer north of the equator. The sea and air growwarmer; the polar air of winter begins its gradualretreat.

　　The northward shift of the sun also brings the season of tropical cyclones to the northernhemisphere, a season that is ending for the Pacific and India Oceans south of the equator. Along our coasts and those of Asia. it is time to look seaward. to guard against the season'sstorms. Over the Pacific, the tropical cyclone season is never quite over. but varies inintensity. Every year. conditions east of the Philippines send a score of violent stormshowling toward Asia, but it is worst from June through October. Southwest of Mexico. a fewPacific hurricanes will grow during spring and summer. but most will die at sea or perish overthe desert or the lower California coast as squalls.

　　Along our Atlantic and Gulf coasts. the hurricane season is from June to November. In anaverage year, there are fewer than ten tropical cyclones and six of them will develop intohurricanes. These will kill 50 to 100 persons between Texas and Maine and cause propertydamage of more than $100 million. If the year is worse than average, we will suffer severalhundred deaths,and property damage will run to billions of dollars.

　　Tornadoes, floods, and severe storms are in season elsewhere on the continent. Now, to thesedestructive forces must be added the hazard of the hurricane. From the National HurricaneCenter in Miami. a radar fence reaches westward to Texas and northward to New England. Itprovides a 200-mile look into offshore disturbances. In Maryland. che giant computers of theNational Meteorological Center digest the myriad bits of data-atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity, surface winds. and winds aloft-received from weather stations andships monitoring the atmospheric setting each hour, every day. Cloud photographs fromspacecraft orbiting the earth are received in Maryland and are studied for che telltale spiralon the warming sea. The crew of United States aircraft over the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean, and Atlantic watch the sky and wait for the storm that will bear a person's name. Themachinery of early warning vibrates with new urgency as the season of great storms begins.

　　1.The cyclone season of the Southernhemisphere__________________.

　　A) is brought by the polar air of winter

　　B) ends when winter comes to the Southernhemisphere

　　C) virtually lasts throughout the year

　　D) begins when the sun rays strike the Tropic of Cancer

　　2.What is true about the storms howling towards Asia?

　　A) They originate over the Pacific.

　　B) They influence Southeast Asia most violently.

　　C) They mainly grow during spring and summer.

　　D) They usually perish off coast.

　　3.When the Pacific hurricanes reach the lower California. most of themwill_____________.

　　A) reduce their intensity

　　B) increase their intensity

　　C) cause much property damage

　　D) result in great rain and floods

　　4.What can we leam about the National Hurricane Center in Miami?

　　A) It mainly provides protection against hurricanes to Texas and New England.

　　B) It warns the whole country against tornadoes, severe storms and hurricanes.

　　C) It consists of radars along the coast of the west and the north of U.S.

　　D) It supervises the coastal areas stretching from Texas to New England.

　　5.The passage discusses most clearly about_______________.

　　A) the factors that cause hurricanes

　　B) the most risky areas that suffer hurricanes

　　C) the early warning system against hurricanes

　　D) the remedies for property damage by hurricanes

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