2022年英语专八改错突击练习（30）

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　　When a human infant is born into any community in any part of the world it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them __1__

　　have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and most __2__

　　obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful

　　capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing __3__

　　the new born child can do to ensure his own survival. Without care from some

　　other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a

　　child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked

　　contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within __4__

　　minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young

　　animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth, __5__

　　compared with the human infant, they very quickly develop the capacity to

　　fend for them. __6__

　　It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally

　　dependent on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all __7__

　　other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason,

　　biologists now suggest that language be “ species specific” to the human race, __8__

　　that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in __9__

　　such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies that just __10__

　　as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color and just

　　as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they

　　are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development as

　　well-formed human beings.

　　参考答案及解析:

　　1 在any infant 中间加other

　　在比较一物与他物,一人与他人的异同时,必须从比较对象中排除该物或该人.

　　2 将have改为has

　　该谓语动词的主语为neither,所以要使用单数形式.

　　3 将pay改为draw/call/attract/elicit

　　这里要表达的是 “引起注意”.

　　4 将on改为to

　　get/ rise/ spring to one’s feet 作 “起身,站起来”将.

　　5 in risk 改为 in danger 或者 at risk

　　6 将them 改为themselves

　　根据上下文,我们可以看出,这里需要一个代词来作 fend for 的宾语.

　　7 删除定冠词the

　　8 将be 改为is

　　在这里suggest 作 “认为,提出看法,暗示说”讲,不作 “建议”讲, 因此,不可使用虚拟语气.

　　9 讲genetic改为genetically

　　这里副词genetically 修饰过去分词programmed.

　　10 在such way 中间加入a

　　名词way为可数名词单数,因此前面要使用不定冠词.

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