2023英语专业四级阅读理解练习(11)

2023英语专业四级阅读理解练习(11)

　　专四备考中，掌握一些英语专四备考攻略，可以帮助大家更高效的备考英语专四，那么具体的这些攻略都有哪些?下面小编为大家整理了“2023英语专业四级阅读理解练习(11)”，希望同学们可以更好的进行积累训练，在接下来的专四考试中，能够顺利完成考试。

　　Migration is usually defined as "permanent or semipermanent change o f

　　residence".

　　"This broad definition, of course, would include a move across the street

　　or a cross a city. Our concern is with movement between nations, not with

　　internal mi gration within nations, although such movements often exceed

　　international movem ents in volume. Today, the motives of people who move short

　　distances are very s imilar to those of international migrants".

　　Students of human migration speak of "push" and "pull" factors, which

　　influe nce an individual's decision to move from one place to another. Push

　　factors are associated with the place of origin. A push factor can be as simple

　　and mild a matter as difficulty in finding a suitable job, or as traumatic as

　　war, or sever e famine. Obviously, refugees who leave their homes with guns

　　pointed at their heads are motivated almost entirely by push factors (although

　　pull factors do in fluence their choice of destination).

　　Pull factors are those associated with the place of destination. Most of

　　thes e are economic, such as better job opportunities or the availability of

　　good lan d to farm. The latter was an important factor in attracting settlers to

　　the Unit ed States during the 19th century. In general, pull factors add up to

　　an apparen tly better chance for a good life and material well?being than is

　　offered by th e place of origin. When there is a choice between several

　　attractive potential d estinations, the deciding factor might be a non?economic

　　consideration such as the presence of relatives, friends, or at least fellow

　　countrymen already establ ished in the new place who are willing to help the

　　newcomers settle in. Consider ations of this sort lead to the development of

　　migration flow.

　　Besides push and pull factors, there are what the sociologists call

　　"intervenin g obstacles". Even if push and/or pull factors are very strong they

　　still may b e outweighed by intervening obstacles, such as the distance of the

　　move, the tro uble and cost of moving, the difficulty of entering the new

　　country, and the pro blems likely to be encountered on arrival.

　　The decision to move is also influenced by "personal factors" of the

　　potential migrant. The same push?pull factors and obstacles operate differently

　　on diffe rent people, sometimes because they are at different stages of their

　　lives, or j ust because of their varying abilities and personalities. The

　　prospect of packin g up everything and moving to a new and perhaps very strange

　　environment may app ear interesting and challenging to an unmarried young man

　　and appallingly diffic ult to a slightly older man with a wife and small kids.

　　Similarly, the need to l earn a new language and customs may excite one person

　　and frighten another.

　　Regardless of why people move, migration of large numbers of people causes

　　confl ict. The United States and other western countries have experienced

　　adjustment p roblems with each new wave of immigrants. The newest arrivals are

　　usually given the lowest?paid jobs and are resented by native people who may

　　have to compete with them for those jobs. It has usually taken several decades

　　for each group to be accepted into the mainstream of society in the host

　　country.?

　　1. The author thinks that pull factors ?______?.?

　　A. are all related to economic considerations?

　　B. are not as decisive as push factors?

　　C. include a range of considerations?

　　D. are more important than push factors ?

　　2. People's decisions to migrate might be influenced by all the following

　　EXCEPT ______?.?

　　A. personalities?B. education?

　　C. marital status?D. abilities ?

　　3. The purpose of the passage is to discuss ______?.?

　　A. the problems of international migrants?

　　B. the motives of international migrants?

　　C. migration inside the country?

　　D. migration between countries ?

　　答案：

　　1. C) 根据第三段可知pull factors不仅和economic considerations有 关，还和non?economic

　　considerations有关，由此可排除选项A。选项B和D在文中没有提 及，故只有C为正确答案。?

　　2. B) 此题为细节题。根据第五段可知惟有education没有提及。

　　3. B) 此题为主旨题。通过阅读该文可知文章主要是讲述促使人们在国际 间移民的因素，这与选项B相符。

　　以上就是为大家整理的“2023英语专业四级阅读理解练习(11)”，希望大家能够更好的掌握专四攻略，提高专四水平。

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