2024年专四阅读练习：能源问题

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　　能源问题

　　It is often claimed that nuclear energy is somethingwe cannot do without. We live in a consumer societywhere there is an enormous demand forcommercial products of all kinds. Moreover. anincrease in industrialproduction is considered to beone solution to the problem of massunemployment. Such an increase presumesan abundant and cheap energy supply. Manypeople believe that nuclear energy provides an inexhaustible andeconomical source of powerand chat it is therefore essential for an industrially developing society. There are a number ofother advantages in the use of nuclear energy. Firstly, nuclear power. except for accidents, isclean. A further advantage is that a nuclear power station can be run and maintained byrelativelyfew technical and administrative staff. The nuclear reactor represents an enormousstep in our scientific evolution and, whatever the anti-nuclear group says, it is wrong to expecta return to more primitive sources of fuel. However, opponents of nuclear energy point outthat nuclear power stations bring a direct threat not only to the environment but also to civilliberties.

　　Furthermore, it is questionable whether ultimately nuclear power is a cheap source ofenergy. There have. for example. been very costly accidents in America, in Britain and, ofcourse. in Russia. The possibility of increases in the cost of uranium(铀) in addition to the costof greater safety provisions could price nuclear power out of the market. In the long run, environmentalists argue, nuclear energy wastes valuable resources and disturbs the ecologyto an extent which could bring about the destruction of the human race. Thus, if we wish tosurvive. we cannot afford nuclear energy. In spice of the case against nuclear energy outlinedabove. nuclear energy programmes are expanding. Such an expansion assumes a continualgrowth in industrial production and consumer demands. However, it is doubtful whether thisgrowth will or can continue Having weighed up the arguments on both sides, it seems there aregood economic and ecological reasons for sources of energy other than nuclear power.

　　1. The writer's attitude toward nuclear energyis______________.

　　A) indifferent

　　B) tolerant

　　C) favorable

　　D) negative

　　2. According to the opponents of nuclear energy, nuclear energyis________________.

　　A) primitive

　　B) cheap

　　C) exhaustible

　　D) unsafe

　　3. Some people claim that nuclear energy is essentialbecause____________________.

　　A) it provides a perfect solution to mass unemployment

　　B) it represents an enormous step forward in our scientific evolution

　　C) it can meet the growing demand of an industrially developing society

　　D) nuclear power stations can be run and maintained by relatively few technical andadministrative staff

　　4. Which of the following statements does the writer support?

　　A) The demand for commercial products will not necessarily keep increasing.

　　B) Nuclear energy is something we cannot do without.

　　C) Uranium is a good source of energy for economic and ecological reasons.

　　D) Greater safety provisions can bring about the expansion of nuclear energy programmes.

　　5. The function of the last sentence is to___________________.

　　A) advance the final argument

　　B) reflect the writer's attitude

　　C) reverse previously expressed thoughts

　　D) show the disadvantages of nuclear power

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