2018英语专四阅读理解各题型解题要点

　　2018英语专四阅读理解各题型解题要点三、主旨题

　　【解题方法】主题词+串线法

　　【解题步骤】

　　1. 找出文章的主题词，通常为名词。

　　2. 找出文章各个段落的中心句，并将中心句串在一起。

　　3. 宏观阅读，匹配选项。正确选项通常体现全局以及概括性信息，因此选项不能选择局部信息，也不能选择范围过宽的信息。

　　【例题】

　　25. This text mainly discusses how to____.

　　[A] balance feeling good and spending money

　　[B] spend large sums of money won in lotteries

　　[C] obtain lasting satisfaction from money spent

　　[D] become more reasonable in spending on luxuries

　　What would you do with $590m? This is now a question for Gloria Mackenzie, an 84-year-old widow who recently emerged from her small, tin-roofed house in Florida to collect the biggest undivided lottery jackpot in history. If she hopes her new-found fortune will yield lasting feelings of fulfillment, she could do worse than read Happy Money by Elizabeth Dumn and Michael Norton.

　　These two academics use an array of behavioral research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive. Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes. Yet satisfaction with these material purchases wears off fairly quickly. What was once exciting and new becomes old-hat; regret creeps in. It is far better to spend money on experiences, say Ms. Dumn and Mr. Norton, like interesting trips, unique meals or even going to the cinema. These purchases often become more valuable with time - as stories or memories - particularly if they involve feeling more connected to others.

　　This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves as well as lottery winners get the most "happiness bang for your buck." It seems most people would be better off if they could shorten their commutes to work, spend more time with friends and family and less of it watching television (something the average American spends a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it). Buying gifts or giving to charity is often more pleasurable than purchasing things for oneself, and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly. This is apparently the reason MacDonald's restricts the availability of its popular McRib - a marketing trick that has turned the pork sandwich into an object of obsession.

　　Readers of Happy Money are clearly a privileged lot, anxious about fulfillment, not hunger. Money may not quite buy happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generally happier than those in poor ones. Yet the link between feeling good and spending money on others can be seen among rich and poor people around the world, and scarcity enhances the pleasure of most things for most people. Not everyone will agree with the authors' policy ideas, which range from mandating more holiday time to reducing tax incentives for American homebuyers. But most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent.

　　【解题步骤应用】

　　1. 文章主题词：spending money, happiness

　　2. 各个段落的中心句

　　第一段：最后一句。该句指出如果老妇人希望这笔新得到的财富获得长期的成就感(lasting feelings of fulfillment)，那么最好读一下《开心理财》这本书。

　　第二段：第五句。该句指出《开心理财》这本书的两位作者的观点，即最好把钱花在一些经历上，这些经历会随着时间的流逝变得更有价值(more valuable with time)。

　　第三段：第一句。该句指出这本书主要涉及的内容是给人们提出了一些"如何从钱财中获得最大幸福感"(happiness bang for your buck)的建议。

　　第四段：最后一句。该句指出，这本书值得够买，体现出作者对这本书持肯定态度，即作者赞同这本书中的观点。

　　3. 匹配选项

　　[C] obtain lasting satisfaction from money spent

　　文章的主题词：money spent

　　lasting satisfaction ---- happiness

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