2022年英语专业八级备考指南4a

　　新东方在线专四专八频道给大家整理的2022年英语专业八级备考指南4a,希望能够对大家的专四专八考试备考有所帮助，更多有关专四专八的备考内容，欢迎随时关注新东方在线专四专八频道。

　　PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)

　　SECTION A MINI-LECTURE

　　In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.

　　Writing a Research Paper

　　I. Research Papers and Ordinary Essay

　　A. Similarity in (1) basic steps :

　　e.g. —choosing a topic

　　—asking questions

　　—identifying the audience

　　B. Difference mainly in terms of (2) raw materials

　　1. research papers: printed sources

　　2. ordinary essay: ideas in one's (3) head

　　II. Types and Characteristics of Research Papers

　　A. Number of basic types: two

　　B. Characteristics:

　　1. survey-type paper:

　　—to gather (4) facts

　　—to quote

　　—to (5) explain

　　The writer should be (6) objective.

　　2. argumentative (research) paper:

　　a. The writer should do more, e.g.

　　—to interpret

　　—to question, etc.

　　b. (7) purpose varies with the topic, e.g.

　　—to recommend an action, etc.

　　III. How to Choose a Topic for a Research Paper

　　In choosing a topic, it is important to (8) ask questions.

　　Question No. 1: your familiarity with the topic

　　Question No. 2: Availability of relevant information on the chosen topic

　　Question No. 3: Narrowing the topic down to (9) a manageable size

　　Question No. 4: Asking questions about (10) the topic itself

　　The questions help us to work out way into the topic and discover its possibilities.

　　SECTION B INTERVIEW

　　In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.

　　Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.

　　1. What is the purpose of Professor McKay's report?

　　A. To look into the mental health of old people.

　　B. To explain why people have negative views on old age.

　　C. To help correct some false beliefs about old age.

　　D. To identify the various problems of old age

　　2. Which of the following is NOT Professor McKay's view?

　　A. People change in old age a lot more than at the age of 21.

　　B. There are as many sick people in old age as in middle age.

　　C. We should not expect more physical illness among old people.

　　D. We should not expect to find old people unattractive as a group.

　　3. According to Professor McKay's report,

　　A. family love is gradually disappearing.

　　B. it is hard to comment on family feeling.

　　C. more children are indifferent to their parents.

　　D. family love remains as strong as ever.

　　4. Professor McKay is ________ towards the tendency of more parents living apart from their children.

　　A. negative

　　B. positive

　　C. ambiguous

　　D. neutral

　　5. The only popular belief that Professor McKay is unable to provide evidence against is

　　A. old-age sickness.

　　B. loose family ties.

　　C. poor mental abilities.

　　D. difficulities in maths.

　　SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST

　　In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.

　　Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.

　　6. Scientists in Brazil have used frog skin to

　　A. eliminate bacteria.

　　B. treat burns.

　　C. Speed up recovery.

　　D. reduce treatment cost.

　　Question 7 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.

　　7. What is NOT a feature of the new karaoke machine?

　　A. It is featured by high technology.

　　B. It allows you to imitate famous singers.

　　C. It can automatically alter the tempo and tone of a song.

　　D. It can be placed in specially designed theme rooms.

　　Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.

　　8. China's Internet users had reached _________ by the end of June.

　　A. 68 million

　　B. 8.9 million

　　C. 10 million

　　D. 1.5 million

　　Question 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.

　　9. According to the WTO, Chinese exports rose _________ last year.

　　A. 21%

　　B. 10%

　　C. 22%

　　D. 4.73

　　10. According to the news, which trading nation in the top 10 has reported a 5 per cent fall in exports?

　　A. The UK.

　　B. The US.

　　C. Japan.

　　D. Germany.

　　PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)

　　TEXT A

　　I remember meeting him one evening with his pushcart. I had managed to sell all my papers and was coming home in the snow. It was that strange hour in downtown New York when the workers were pouring homeward in the twilight. I marched among thousands of tired men and women whom the factory whistles had unyoked. They flowed in rivers through the clothing factory districts, then down along the avenues to the East Side.

　　I met my father near Cooper Union. I recognized him, a hunched, frozen figure in an old overcoat standing by a banana cart. He looked so lonely, the tears came to my eyes. Then he saw me, and his face lit with his sad, beautiful smile -Charlie Chaplin's smile.

　　"Arch, it's Mikey," he said. "So you have sold your papers! Come and eat a banana."

　　He offered me one. I refused it. I felt it crucial that my father sell his bananas, not give them away. He thought I was shy, and coaxed and joked with me, and made me eat the banana. It smelled of wet straw and snow.

　　"You haven't sold many bananas today, pop," I said anxiously.

　　He shrugged his shoulders.

　　"What can I do? No one seems to want them."

　　It was true. The work crowds pushed home morosely over the pavements. The rusty sky darkened over New York building, the tall street lamps were lit, innumerable trucks, street cars and elevated trains clattered by. Nobody and nothing in the great city stopped for my father's bananas.

　　"I ought to yell," said my father dolefully. "I ought to make a big noise like other peddlers, but it makes my throat sore. Anyway, I'm ashamed of yelling, it makes me feel like a fool. "

　　I had eaten one of his bananas. My sick conscience told me that I ought to pay for it somehow. I must remain here and help my father.

　　"I'll yell for you, pop," I volunteered.

　　"Arch, no," he said, "go home; you have worked enough today. Just tell momma I'll be late."

　　But I yelled and yelled. My father, standing by, spoke occasional words of praise, and said I was a wonderful yeller. Nobody else paid attention. The workers drifted past us wearily, endlessly; a defeated army wrapped in dreams of home. Elevated trains crashed; the Cooper Union clock burned above us; the sky grew black, the wind poured, the slush burned through our shoes. There were thousands of strange, silent figures pouring over the sidewalks in snow. None of them stopped to buy bananas. I yelled and yelled, nobody listened.

　　My father tried to stop me at last. "Nu," he said smiling to console me, "that was wonderful yelling. Mikey. But it's plain we are unlucky today! Let's go home."

　　I was frantic, and almost in tears. I insisted on keeping up my desperate yells. But at last my father persuaded me to leave with him.

　　11. "unyoked" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to

　　A. sent out

　　B. released

　　C. dispatched

　　D. removed

　　12. Which of the following in the first paragraph does NOT indicated crowds of people?

　　A.Thousands of

　　B. Flowed

　　C. Pouring

　　D. Unyoked

　　13. Which of the following is intended to be a pair of contrast in the passage?

　　A. Huge crowds and lonely individuals.

　　B. Weather conditions and street lamps.

　　C. Clattering trains and peddlers' yells.

　　D. Moving crowds and street traffic.

　　14. Which of the following words is NOT suitable to describe the character of the son?

　　A. Compassionate

　　B. Responsible

　　C. Shy

　　D. Determined

　　15. What is the theme of the story?

　　A. The misery of the factory workers.

　　B. How to survive in a harsh environment.

　　C. Generation gap between the father and the son.

　　D. Love between the father and the son.

　　16. What is the author's attitude towards the father and the son?

　　A. Indifferent

　　B. Sympathetic

　　C. Appreciative

　　D. Difficult to tell

　　TEXT B

　　提示：原文出自美国时代杂志(TIME) 日期Jan. 29, 2001

　　文章标题No Fall Insurance 作者AN K. SMITH, M.D.

　　When former President Ronald Reagan fell and broke his hip two weeks ago, he joined a group of more than 350,000 elderly Americans who fracture their hips each year. At 89 and suffering from advanced Alzheimer's disease, Reagan is in one of the highest-risk groups for this type of accident. The incidence of hip fractures not only increases after age 50 but doubles every five to six years as the risk of falling increases. Slipping and tumbling are not the only causes of hip fractures; weakened bones sometimes break spontaneously. But falling is the major cause, representing 90% of all hip fractures. These... ...

　　17. The following are all specific measures to guard against injuries with the EXCEPTION of

　　A. removal of throw rugs.

　　B. easy access to devices

　　C. installation of grab bars

　　D. re-arrangement of furniture

　　18. In which paragraph does the author state his purpose of writing?

　　A. The third paragraph

　　B. The first paragraph

　　C. The last paragraph

　　D. The last but one paragraph

　　19. The main purpose of the passage is to

　　A. offer advice on how to prevent hip fractures

　　B. emphasize the importance of health precautions

　　C. discuss the seriousness of hip fractures.

　　D. identify the causes of hip fractures.

　　TEXT C

　　提示：原文同2003年专八英译汉翻译试题相同

　　In his classic novel, "The Pioneers", James Fenimore Cooper has his hero, a land developer, take his cousin on a tour of the city he is building. He describes the broad streets, rows of houses, a teeming metropolis. But his cousin looks around bewildered. All she sees is a forest. "Where are the beauties and improvements which you were to show me?" she asks. He's astonished she can't see them. "Where! Everywhere," he replies. For though they are not yet built on earth, he has built them in his mind, and they as concrete to him as if they were already constructed and finished.

　　Cooper was illustrating a distinctly American trait, future-mindedness: the ability to see the present from the vantage point of the future; the freedom to feel unencumbered by the past and more emotionally attached to things to come. As Albert Einstein once said, "Life for the American is always becoming, never being."... ...

　　20. The third paragraph examines America's future-mindedness from the _________ perspective.

　　A. future

　　B. realistic

　　C. historical

　　D. present

　　21. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT brought about by future-mindedness?

　　A. Economic stagnation

　　B. Environmental destruction

　　C. High divorce rates

　　D. Neglect of history

　　22. The word "pooh-pooh" in the sixth paragraph means

　　A. appreciate

　　B. praise

　　C. shun

　　D. ridicule

　　23. According to the passage, people at present can forecast ________ of a new round of future-mindedness.

　　A. the nature

　　B. the location

　　C. the variety

　　D. the features

　　24. The author predicts in the last paragraph that the study of future-mindedness will focus on

　　A. how it comes into being

　　B. how it functions

　　C. what it brings about

　　D. what it is related to.

　　TEXT D

　　25. The phrase "men's sureness of their sex role" in the first paragraph suggests that they

　　A. are confident in their ability to charm women.

　　B. take the initiative in courtship.

　　C. have a clear idea of what is considered "manly".

　　D. tend to be more immoral than women are.

　　26. The third paragraph does NOT claim that men

　　A. prevent women from taking up certain professions.

　　B. secretly admire women's intellect and resolution.

　　C. doubt whether women really mean to succeed in business.

　　D. forbid women to join certain clubs and societies.

　　27. The third paragraph

　　A. generally agrees with the first paragraph

　　B. has no connection with the first paragraph

　　C. repeats the argument of the second paragraph

　　D. contradicts the last paragraph

　　28. At the end of the last paragraph the author uses humorous exaggeration in order to

　　A. show that men are stronger than women

　　B. carry further the ideas of the earliest paragraphs

　　C. support the first sentence of the same paragraph

　　D. disown the ideas he is expressing

　　29. The usual idea of the cave man in the last paragraph

　　A. is based on the study of archaeology

　　B. illustrates how people expect men to behave

　　C. is dismissed by the author as an irrelevant joke

　　D. proves that the man, not woman, should be the wooer

　　30. The opening quotation from Margaret Mead sums up a relationship between man and woman which the author

　　A. approves of

　　B. argues is natural

　　C. completely rejects

　　D. expects to go on changing

　　PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)

　　31. ______ is the capital city of Canada.

　　A. Vancouver

　　B. Ottawa √

　　C. Montreal

　　D. York

　　32. U.S. presidents normally serves a (an) _________term.

　　A. two-year

　　B. four-year √

　　C. six-year

　　D. eight-year

　　33. Which of the following cities is NOT located in the Northeast, U.S.?

　　A. Huston. √

　　B. Boston.

　　C. Baltimore.

　　D. Philadelphia.

　　34. ________ is the state church in England.

　　A. The Roman Catholic Church.

　　B. The Baptist Church

　　C. The Protestant Church

　　D. The Church of England √

　　注：The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England and acts as the mother and senior branch of the worldwide Anglican Communion as well as a founding member of the Porvoo Communion.

　　35. The novel Emma is written by

　　A. Mary Shelley.

　　B. Charlotte Bront?.

　　C. Elizabeth C. Gaskell.

　　D. Jane Austen. √

　　36. Which of following is NOT a romantic poet?

　　A. William Wordsworth.

　　B. George Elliot. √

　　C. George G. Byron.

　　D. Percy B. Shelley.

　　37. William Sidney Porter, known as O. Henry, is most famous for

　　A. his poems.

　　B. his plays.

　　C. his short stories. √

　　D. his novels

　　注：O. Henry was the pen name of William Sydney Porter (September 11, 1862 - June 5, 1910), He was famous for his short stories and a master of the surprise ending, O. Henry is remembered best for such enduring favorites as "The Gift of the Magi" and "The Ransom of Red Chief." The combination of humor and sentiment found in his stories is the basis of their universal appeal.

　　38. Syntax is the study of

　　A. language functions.

　　B. sentence structures. √

　　C. textual organization.

　　D. word formation.

　　注：Definition of Syntax:

　　a. The study of the rules whereby words or other elements of sentence structure are combined to form grammatical sentences.

　　b. A publication, such as a book, that presents such rules.

　　c. The pattern of formation of sentences or phrases in a language.

　　d. Such a pattern in a particular sentence or discourse.

　　39. Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language?

　　A. Arbitrariness. 任意性

　　B. Productivity. 丰富性

　　C. Cultural transmission. 文化传播性

　　D. Finiteness. 局限性 ?

　　注：design feature: features that define our human languages,such as arbitrariness,duality,creativity,displacement,cultural transmission,etc.

　　相关内容请点击查看：胡壮麟《语言学教程》课后答案

　　40. The speech act theory was first put forward by

　　A. John Searle.

　　B. John Austin. √

　　C. Noam Chomsky.

　　D. M.A.K. Halliday.

　　注：John Langshaw Austin (March 28, 1911 - February 8, 1960) was a philosopher of language, who developed much of the current theory of speech acts. He was born in Lancaster and educated at Balliol College, Oxford. After serving in MI6 during World War II, Austin became White's Professor of Moral Philosophy at Oxford. He occupies a place in the British philosophy of language alongside Wittgenstein in staunchly advocating the examination of the way words are used in order to elucidate meaning.

　　PART V TRANSLATION (60 MIN)

　　提示：今年专八翻译部分的选材均出自《散文佳作108篇(汉英?英汉对照)》

　　作　　者： 乔萍 翟淑蓉 宋洪玮，建议大家熟读此书。点击查看该书简介及文章目录

　　SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH

　　Translate the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

　　提示：本文节选自文章《生命的三分之一》作者：马南邨 该文原始出处为《燕山夜话》(北京出版社1980年版)。

　　初中语文自读课本七年级上册第8课 《短文两篇》中也有此文。

　　一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗?提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难;但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待劳动、工作等等的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。

　　古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多劳动、多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。

　　部分译文：Accomplished men of all ages treat their lives very seriously. As long as they are living, they always labor, work, and study as hard as possible, unwilling to spend time in vain, let alone waste even a single moment of their lives.

　　SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

　　Translate the following underlined part of the text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

　　提示：本文原文标题About Reading Books 作者：Virginia Woolf

　　2004年6月大学四级考前预测模拟试卷阅读理解中有此文

　　It is simple enough to say that since books have classes fiction, biography,poetry—we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconception when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his fellowworker and accomplice.If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible finess, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite.

　　谈 读 书

　　维吉尼亚?伍夫

　　既然书籍有不同的门类，如小说、传记、诗歌等，我们就应该把它们区分开来，并从每种中汲取它应当给我们提供的正确的东西;这话说起来固然容易，然而，很少有人要求从书籍中得到它们所能提供的东西，通常我们总是三心二意地带着模糊的观念去看书：要求小说情节真实，要求诗歌内容虚构，要求传记阿谀奉承，要求历史能加深我们自己的偏见。如果我们读书时能抛弃所有这些成见，那将是一个极可贵的开端。我们对作者不要指手划脚，而应努力站在作者的立场上，设想自己在与作者共同创作。假如你退缩不前，有所保留并且一开始就批评指责，你就在妨碍自己从你所读的书中得到最大的益处, 然而，如果你能尽量敞开思想，那么，书中开头几句迂回曲折的话里所包含的几乎难以觉察的细微的迹象和暗示，就会把你引到一个与众不同的人物的面前去。如果你深入下去，如果你去认识这个人物，你很快就会领悟作者正在给你或试图给你某些明确得多的东西。倘若我们首先考虑怎样读小说，那么，一部小说中的三十二章就是企图创造出象一座建筑物那样既有一定的形式而各部分又受到控制的东西，不过词句要比砖块难以捉摸，阅读的过程要比看一看更费时、更复杂。理解小说家创作工作的各项要素的捷径也许并不是阅读，而是写作，而是亲自试一试遣词造句中的艰难险阻。那么，回想一下给你留下鲜明印象的某些事——比如，你怎样在大街的拐角处从两个正在交谈着的人身边走过，树在摇曳、灯光在晃动，谈话的语气既喜又悲;这一瞬间似乎包含了一个完整的想象，一个整体的构思。

　　作者简介

　　维吉尼亚?伍夫(1882-1941)，英国小说家，在她的小说里，缩小作者作为叙述者或评论者的作用。她同时也是一位公认的评论家。

　　注释

　　blur模糊;使模糊不清

　　banish 流放,放逐

　　preconception偏见

　　try to become him：应努力站在作者的立场上。become在这里用作及物动伺、解作"配合"、"适应"。

　　steep陡峭的

　　acquaint yourself with...，使(你)自己认识(了解)...

　　impalpable无形的

　　contained从容的

　　PART VI WRITING (45 MIN)

　　Interview is frequently used by employers as a means to recruit prospective employees. As a result, there have been many arguments for or against the interview as a selection procedure. What is your opinion? Write an essay of about 400 words to state your view.

　　In the first part of your writing you should state your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay.

　　Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.

　　参考答案征求意见稿

　　提示：现在提供的参考答案仅为考场稿，尚未经准确推敲，正确率应为80%左右，

　　正确答案晚些时候公布，欢迎大家把自己的答案写出来讨论，我们将在接受大家的

　　反馈意见下完成最终答案。√表示答案已确定。 D 表示网友纠正

　　PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)

　　SECTION A MINI-LECTURE

　　1. basic steps 2. raw materials 3. head 4. facts

　　5. explain 6. objective 7. purpose 8. ask questions

　　9. a manageable size 10. the topic itself

　　SECTION B INTERVIEW

　　1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. D

　　SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST

　　6. B 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. B

　　PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)

　　11. B 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D

　　16. B 17. D 18. A 19. A 20. C

　　21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C

　　26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A

　　PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)

　　31. B 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. D

　　36. B 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. B

　　PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN)

　　1. 把investing改为invested

　　2. 第二题irrespective后加of

　　3. 把those 改为 that

　　4. the fact 后面加that

　　5. eliminate 改为eliminating

　　6. 最后一个purely of need 改为on need

　　PART V TRANSLATION (60 MIN)

　　SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH

　　SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

　　PART VI WRITING (45 MIN)

　　以上就是新东方在线专四专八频道给大家整理的2022年英语专业八级备考指南4a,希望对大家有所帮助，更多备考内容，欢迎随时关注新东方在线专四专八频道。

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