2022年英语专四听力VOA练习内容(5)

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　　Leaders of the seven most developed nations will discuss possible

　　additional responses to Russia's annexation of Ukraine's Crimea peninsula, on

　　the sidelines of the Nuclear Security Summit in the Netherlands next week.

　　U.S. President Barack Obama has called for a meeting of G7 leaders in The

　　Hague, conspicuously leaving out Russia, which is a member of the G8 group. The

　　United States and the European Union already have imposed some travel and

　　economic sanctions on Russia, but analysts say these are not likely to reverse

　　Moscow's decision on Crimea.

　　Russian flags are billowing over Crimea's official buildings, local banks

　　are beginning to switch from Ukrainian hryvnia to the Russian ruble, and on

　　March 30, Crimea is slated to adopt Moscow standard time, moving its clocks two

　　hours ahead.

　　Ilan Berman, vice president of the the American Foreign Policy Council in

　　Washington, said there is no doubt the Russian-speaking majority on the

　　peninsula supports those changes.

　　"Realistically speaking, the demographics of Crimea and also the politics

　　of how the referendum occurred, I think — there was obviously a very heavy

　　Russian hand — but even absent a certain Russian influence on Crimea, I think

　　you can see that the plurality of the people see themselves as something other

　　than purely Ukrainian," he said.

　　Following Crimea?

　　Berman says Russians in other parts of the region may want to follow

　　Crimea's example.

　　"I think certainly there is a dangerous possibility that Crimea is not the

　　end of the story, but the beginning of the story," he said. "You are already

　　seeing stirrings in places like Trans-Dniester in Moldova, where there are

　　echoes of what you saw coming out of Crimea ahead of the referendum, essentially

　　expressing sympathy for Russia, expressing desire for Russia to play a more

　　active political role.

　　"All of this is emboldening, I think, for Moscow, as it looks abroad for

　　possibilities to revise its territorial borders outward, and is hearing these

　　calls for Russian intervention that are likely to embolden it," he added.

　　Berman notes that Russia already has a military presence in Moldova's

　　Trans-Dniester region, which proclaimed independence in 1990 and fought a

　　separatist war in 1992. Russian troops entered the region as peacekeepers after

　　the war and have never left.

　　Berman said Moscow is less likely to encroach on NATO or European Union

　　member nations. Clearly aware of that, Moldovan President Nicolae Timofti urged

　　EU leaders this week to speed up Moldova's European integration.

　　"In the context of this regional difficulty in which the Republic of

　　Moldova is involved, I agreed with the Romanian president [Traian Basescu] of

　　the need to give impetus to the process of integrating Moldova in Europe," said

　　Timofti.

　　Pointed concern

　　Russia's move in Crimea has sent waves of concern even among some EU and

　　NATO members, where the memory is still fresh of Soviet invasions of Hungary and

　　Czechoslovakia.

　　Leaders of the United States, Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy and

　　Japan meeting in The Hague Monday and Tuesday will discuss moves to contain

　　Moscow's ambitions and reassure allies in the region.

　　Former U.S. ambassador to Iraq Christopher Hill says the best way to do

　　that is to speed up the Trans-Atlantic integration in eastern Europe and the

　　Balkans. He singled out Macedonia, whose NATO membership has been blocked by

　　Greece over a name dispute.

　　"I have always believed that Macedonia, which has acted like a NATO

　　country, needs to be accepted as a NATO country," said Hill.

　　Analyst Ilan Berman agrees that NATO should fortify its members in eastern

　　Europe, cautioning that Russia's future actions, however, will be determined

　　primarily by its economic power.

　　Europe and especially Germany could have more impact on Russia's economy

　　than the United States, he added.

　　"If there is a holding back as a result of Germany's decision to maintain

　　economic ties with Russia, then the sanctions that come out of Brussels are

　　going to be diluted,: Berman said. "They are not going to be as effective as

　　they could be, and Russia is not going to be as deterred as it should be.

　　Russia's takeover of the Crimean peninsula has sparked the biggest dispute

　　between Moscow and the West since the fall of the Iron Curtain, disrupting more

　　than two decades of diplomatic and economic cooperation between the former Cold

　　War adversaries.

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