2022年专八英语之美国简史 (2)

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　　Chapter 2 American Romanticism

　　Section 1 Early Romantic Period

　　What is Romanticism?

　　l An approach from ancient Greek: Plato

　　l A literary trend: 18c in Britain (1798~1832)

　　l Schlegel Bros.

　　I. Preview: Characteristics of romanticism

　　1. subjectivity

　　(1) feeling and emotions, finding truth

　　(2) emphasis on imagination

　　(3) emphasis on individualism – personal freedom, no hero worship, natural goodness of human beings

　　2. back to medieval, esp medieval folk literature

　　(1) unrestrained by classical rules

　　(2) full of imagination

　　(3) colloquial language

　　(4) freedom of imagination

　　(5) genuine in feelings: answer their call for classics

　　3. back to nature

　　nature is “breathing living thing” (Rousseau)

　　II. American Romanticism

　　1. Background

　　(1) Political background and economic development

　　(2) Romantic movement in European countries

　　Derivative – foreign influence

　　2. features

　　(1) American romanticism was in essence the expression of “a real new experience and contained “an alien quality” for the simple reason that “the spirit of the place” was radically new and alien.

　　(2) There is American Puritanism as a cultural heritage to consider. American romantic authors tended more to moralize. Many American romantic writings intended to edify more than they entertained.

　　(3) The “newness” of Americans as a nation is in connection with American Romanticism.

　　(4) As a logical result of the foreign and native factors at work, American romanticism was both imitative and independent.

　　III. Washington Irving

　　1. several names attached to Irving

　　(1) first American writer

　　(2) the messenger sent from the new world to the old world

　　(3) father of American literature

　　2. life

　　3. works

　　(1) A History of New York from the Beginning of the World to the End of the Dutch Dynasty

　　(2) The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. (He won a measure of international recognition with the publication of this.)

　　(3) The History of the Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus

　　(4) A Chronicle of the Conquest of Granada

　　(5) The Alhambra

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