2017英语专四语法考点：定语从句

　　(3)定语从句中的时态。如果主句是一般将来时或过去将来时，从句的动作与主句的同时发生，那么该从句要用一般现在时表示一般将来时、用一般过去时表示过去将来时。

　　例：Anyone who/that touches the wire will get an electric shock.

　　任何碰这根电线的人将受到电击。(不用will touch)

　　I would give her anything that she asked for.

　　她要什么我就给她什么。(不用would ask)

　　The first person who/that opens the door will get a shock.

　　第一个开门的人将被吓一跳。(不用will open)

　　There will be a special price for anybody who orders a suit in the next two weeks.

　　任何人在下两周内定做套装都将享受优惠价格。(不用will order)

　　但是，如果从句和主句的动作在将来不同的时间发生，则两部分都要用来将来时，

　　如：Those who will go abroad for training next year will start learning English tomorrow.

　　那些明年出国受训的人员，将从明天开始学习外语。

　　注：①先行词有最高级形容词修饰时，常用that，而不用which：

　　例：Edison was one of the greatest inventors that ever lived.

　　爱迪生是曾经有过的最伟大的发明家之一。

　　This is the best film that I’ve ever seen.

　　这是我曾经看过的最好的电影。

　　She was the greatest woman that/who has ever lived.

　　她是曾经有过的最伟大的女人。

　　②先行词有the same, the very, the first, the last, all, no, the only, much, little, none, any, every等时，常用that, 而不用which：

　　例：He was the first man that we saw in the village.

　　他是我们在那个村子里看到的第一个人。

　　There is little that is interesting.

　　没什么令人感兴趣。

　　I still remember the first time that we met.

　　我仍然记得我们第一次见面的时候。

　　I’ll do anything (that) I can to help you.

　　我将尽一切可能帮助你。

　　Everything that can be done has been done.

　　能做的一切都做了。

　　God bless this ship and all who sail in her.

　　愿上帝保佑此船和所有乘此船航行的人。

　　All that I can say is thank you very much.

　　我能说的是(千言万语变成一句话)：非常感谢你。

　　③当先行词既有人又有物时，用that，不用which，

　　如：We were deeply impressed by the workers and their working conditions that we had visited.

　　我们参观过的工人及他们的工作条件留下了深刻印象。

　　We listened to him talk about the men and books that interested him。

　　我们听他谈论他感兴趣的人物和书籍。

　　④在same和such之后，定语从句用as引导，

　　如：Let’s discuss only such questions as concern us.

　　让我们只讨论与我们有关的问题。

　　I’ve never heard such stories as he tells.

　　我从来没听说过他讲的这种故事。

　　I shall be surprised if he does this in the same way as I do.

　　如果他做这件事的方法和我一样，那就奇怪了。

　　She works in the same office as I do.

　　她和我在同一个办公室工作。

　　She wears the same kind of clothes as her sister does.

　　她姐妹俩穿同样的衣服。

　　He’s wearing the same dress as he wore at Mary’s wedding.

　　他穿着与他在Mary的婚礼上穿的一样的衣服。

　　This is the same watch as I have lost.

　　这块表和我丢的那块一样。

　　I’ve never seen such kind of people as they are.

　　我从来没见过像他们这样的人。

　　I’ve never seen such kind people as they are.

　　我从来没见过象他们这样厚道的人。

　　I want the same shirt as my friend’s.

　　我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。

　　Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in china.

　　我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。

　　但是，如果从句和主句的动作在将来不同的时间发生，则两部分都要用来将来时，

　　注：④在same和such之后，定语从句用as引导，

　　偶尔，the same 后面也用that，

　　如：He’s wearing the same suit that he wore at Mary’s wedding.

　　他穿着与他在Mary的婚礼上穿的一样的衣服。

　　She works in the same office that I do.

　　她和我在同一个办公室工作。

　　This is the same watch that I have lost.

　　这块表和我丢的那块一样。

　　as 引导非限定性定语从句即可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。当as在从句中作主语时，后面常接下列句型。如：as is known, as is said, as is reported as is announced 等。

　　例如：As we all know, Mr. Wang is a good teacher.

　　As is known to all, the earth revolves round the sun.

　　He is tired, as you can see.

　　As I expected, he didn’t believe me.

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