2018专四语法考点:不定代词

2017-06-26 16:27:00来源:网络

  I don’t care much for what to drink. Either of the two will do. (我不介意喝些什么,两个之中随便哪个都行。)

  —Will you go there by bus or by car? —Neither. I will go there by train.(—你坐公车去还是坐轿车去?—一个都不坐,我坐火车去。)

  (6)many和much的用法

  many意思是“很多”,与可数名词复数连用;much意思是“很多”,与不可数名词连用。它们在句中可作主语、宾语和定语等。

  I don’t have many friends here.(在这里我没有很多的朋友。) Many died in the bus accident.(许多人在公交车祸中丧失。)

  We can learn much with the help of him.(在他的帮助之下我们能学到很多。)

  many和much一般用于否定句,肯定句中通常用a lot of 或者lots of; many / much用于肯定句时可以在前面加上so或too.

  There are a lot of people on the playground.(操场上有许多的人。)

  They haven’t got much work to do.(他们没有多少事情可做。)

  There are too many people in the room.(房间里人太多了。)

  (7)few、little、a few、a little的用法

  few、little意思是“很少几个”、“几乎没有”,有否定的意思,

  a few、a little意思是“有几个”、“有些”,有肯定的意思 ,

  few、a few与可数名词连用或代替可数的事物,

  little、a little与不可数名词连用或代替不可数的事物。

  He is very poor and he has little money.(他很穷,几乎没有什么钱。)

  Don’t worry. There is still a little time left.(别着急,还有一点儿时间呢。)

  In that polar region there live few people.(在那个极地地区几乎不住人)

  You can get a few sweets from him.(你可以从他那儿弄到一些糖果)

  (8)复合不定代词somebody ,something ,anything, nothing ,everything, everybody等是由some , any ,no ,every, 加上body, one,thing构成的,叫做复合不定代词,在句子中当单数使用。

  somebody, something, someone 一般用于肯定句中;anything, anybody,anyone一般用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中。修饰复合不定代词的定语,应放在它们的后面。

  Hey,Lily. There is someone outside the door.(嗨,丽丽,门外有人。)

  Did you meet anyone when you came to school last Sunday?(上个星期天你来学校时见到什么人了吗?)

  He has nothing much to do today.(他今天没有多少事情做)

  (9)one与ones用来代替上文的一个或多个人或事物,前面可以加冠词、形容词、指示代词、which等。

  Which jacket would you like, this one or that one?

  (你要哪件夹克,这件还是那件?)

  I don’t like the green ones.

  (我不喜欢绿色的那些。)

  (10)so可以代替一件事情,作句子的宾语或表语。

  I don’t think so.(我认为不是这样的。)

  (11)a lot of、lots of、a number of( /large numbers of)、a great deal of、plenty of的区别:五个“名词+介词”短语都表示“大量,许多”。

  a lot of(或lots of)既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数形式;

  plenty of“足够、大量”,既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数形式。

  a number of / large numbers of只可以修饰可数名词复数形式。

  a great deal of只可以修饰不可数名词。

  A lot of people think that time is money.

  (许多的人认为时间就是金钱。)

  I don’t have to do it in a hurry because I have plenty of time.(我用不着赶忙,因为我有充足的时间。)

  I have a number of letters to write today.

  (今天我有好多信要写)

  I spend a great deal of time/money on shopping.

  (在购物方面我花费了大量的时间/金钱。)

  (12)none、no one、nobody的区别

  no one和nobody都表示“没有人”,仅指人,后面不跟of 短语,作主语时谓语用单数形式;

  none表示“没有一个人/物”,可指人也可以指物,后面可跟of短语,作主语时谓语可用单数也可用复数。

  No one knows how he managed to get the ticket.

  (没有人知道他是怎样搞到那张票的)

  Nobody handed in his/their composition(s) yesterday.

  (昨天没有一个人交作文。)

  None of my friends came to see me that day.

  (那天没有一个朋友来看我。)

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