2018英语专四语法点：定语从句

　　②先行词有the same, the very, the first, the last, all, no, the only, much, little, none, any, every等时，常用that, 而不用which：

　　例：He was the first man that we saw in the village.

　　他是我们在那个村子里看到的第一个人。

　　There is little that is interesting.

　　没什么令人感兴趣。

　　I still remember the first time that we met.

　　我仍然记得我们第一次见面的时候。

　　I’ll do anything (that) I can to help you.

　　我将尽一切可能帮助你。

　　Everything that can be done has been done.

　　能做的一切都做了。

　　God bless this ship and all who sail in her.

　　愿上帝保佑此船和所有乘此船航行的人。

　　All that I can say is thank you very much.

　　我能说的是(千言万语变成一句话)：非常感谢你。

　　③当先行词既有人又有物时，用that，不用which，

　　如：We were deeply impressed by the workers and their working conditions that we had visited.

　　我们参观过的工人及他们的工作条件留下了深刻印象。

　　We listened to him talk about the men and books that interested him。

　　我们听他谈论他感兴趣的人物和书籍。

　　④在same和such之后，定语从句用as引导，

　　如：Let’s discuss only such questions as concern us.

　　让我们只讨论与我们有关的问题。

　　I’ve never heard such stories as he tells.

　　我从来没听说过他讲的这种故事。

　　I shall be surprised if he does this in the same way as I do.

　　如果他做这件事的方法和我一样，那就奇怪了。

　　She works in the same office as I do.

　　她和我在同一个办公室工作。

　　She wears the same kind of clothes as her sister does.

　　她姐妹俩穿同样的衣服。

　　He’s wearing the same dress as he wore at Mary’s wedding.

　　他穿着与他在Mary的婚礼上穿的一样的衣服。

　　This is the same watch as I have lost.

　　这块表和我丢的那块一样。

　　I’ve never seen such kind of people as they are.

　　我从来没见过像他们这样的人。

　　I’ve never seen such kind people as they are.

　　我从来没见过象他们这样厚道的人。

　　I want the same shirt as my friend’s.

　　我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。

　　Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in china.

　　我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。

　　但是，如果从句和主句的动作在将来不同的时间发生，则两部分都要用来将来时，

　　注：④在same和such之后，定语从句用as引导，

　　偶尔，the same 后面也用that，

　　如：He’s wearing the same suit that he wore at Mary’s wedding.

　　他穿着与他在Mary的婚礼上穿的一样的衣服。

　　She works in the same office that I do.

　　她和我在同一个办公室工作。

　　This is the same watch that I have lost.

　　这块表和我丢的那块一样。

　　as 引导非限定性定语从句即可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。当as在从句中作主语时，后面常接下列句型。如：as is known, as is said, as is reported as is announced 等。

　　例如：As we all know, Mr. Wang is a good teacher.

　　As is known to all, the earth revolves round the sun.

　　He is tired, as you can see.

　　As I expected, he didn’t believe me.

　　As 引导非限定性定语从句时与which的区别：当主句和从句语义一致时，用as;反之，用which。

　　如：He made a long speech, as was expected.

　　He made a long speech, which was unexpected.

　　Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all.

　　(3)但是，如果从句和主句的动作在将来不同的时间发生，则两部分都要用来将来时，

　　注：⑤在“介词+关系代词”的结构中，也可用复杂介词，如：by means of (用，依靠)，as a result of (作为结果)等：

　　例：I have three children, one daughter and two sons, all of whom graduated from the same university .

　　我有三个孩子：一个女儿、两个儿子，他们都毕业于同一所大学。

　　The police, in whom I have great confidence, are trying to find out who did it.

　　我对警察有极大的信心，他们正在努力寻找是谁做的这件事。

　　This is the part of the river in which I like to swim.

　　(in which=where)

　　我喜欢在这条河里面游泳，这就是(我喜欢游的)那个地方。

　　The man from whom you bought the house is my uncle.

　　你从他那里买下房子的那个人是我叔叔。

　　This is the desk by means of which he jumped over the wall.

　　这就是他用来跳过墙去的那张桌子。

　　She was running a fever, as a result of which she failed in the exam.

　　她当时正发烧，所以考试失败了。

　　He is the man from whose house the picture was stolen.

　　他就是那个家里的画被偷了的人。

　　注：⑥一个先行词后面可以跟一个以上的定语从句，这种现象叫双重关系从句：

　　例：Here are some words which are often used but which are very confusing.

　　这里有些常用但非常混乱的词。

　　He is the only person that I can find who is able to solve the problem.

　　他是我能找到的唯一解决这个问题的人。

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